Coexistence of tuberculosis with histiocytic sarcoma: A rare association

Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is an exceedingly rare hematolymphoid neoplasm of histiocytic lineage. We report a case of 25-year-old Woman who presented with generalized lymphadenopathy and ascites. There was no personal or family history of tuberculosis (TB). Histopathological examination of omental and peritoneal biopsy revealed TB while mesenteric lymph node showed HS. This case highlights the fact that a patient may be harboring coexistent malignancy/lymphoma along with TB. Therefore, the clinician should have a high index of suspicion, especially when there is therapeutic failure to antitubercular drugs (ATT) and persistence of fever or generalized lymphadenopathy. Sometimes, there may be surprising presence of uncommon malignancies, like in our case, where we found HS with TB. Since both diseases share similar clinical and radiological features, it is highly possible that one may not look further, once one of these is diagnosed.