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Single organ variant of polyarteritis nodosa in epididymis

Ketan Garg1, Leelavathi Dawson

  • 1Department of Pathology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, New Delhi, India.

Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics
|October 14, 2015
PubMed

Insights

Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a rare vasculitis. A case report details a 36-year-old man whose initial symptom was epididymal swelling, diagnosed as a single-organ variant of PAN.

Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a systemic necrotizing vasculitis affecting medium-sized arteries.
  • PAN is not associated with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies, distinguishing it from other vasculitides.
  • Commonly involved organs include kidneys, skin, joints, muscles, nerves, and the gastrointestinal tract, typically sparing the lungs.

Observation:

  • A 36-year-old man presented with a left epididymal swelling as his primary symptom.
  • The swelling was surgically removed and histopathological examination revealed necrotizing inflammation and fibrinoid necrosis of medium-sized arteries.

Findings:

  • The histopathological findings were consistent with a diagnosis of single-organ variant of Polyarteritis nodosa.
  • Scrotal involvement, specifically epididymal swelling, is an uncommon initial presentation for PAN.

Implications:

  • This case highlights that scrotal involvement can be the initial manifestation of single-organ PAN.
  • Recognizing rare presentations is crucial for timely diagnosis and management of Polyarteritis nodosa.
  • Further research into atypical presentations of vasculitis may improve diagnostic strategies.

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