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Vagus Nerve Stimulation as a Tool to Induce Plasticity in Pathways Relevant for Extinction Learning
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Cortical Map Plasticity as a Function of Vagus Nerve Stimulation Intensity.

M S Borland1, W A Vrana1, N A Moreno1

  • 1School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 West Campbell Road GR41, Richardson, TX 75080, USA.

Brain Stimulation
|October 14, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Moderate vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) intensity effectively reshapes auditory cortex maps. Higher VNS intensities, however, reduce neural tuning to specific frequencies, indicating a non-monotonic relationship for cortical plasticity.

Keywords:
Auditory cortexInverted U functionPlasticityVagal nerve stimulation

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Auditory Cortex Plasticity
  • Vagus Nerve Stimulation

Background:

  • Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) paired with sensory or motor events can reorganize cortical maps.
  • Previous studies show VNS enhances auditory cortex (A1) response to paired tone frequencies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between VNS intensity and the degree of cortical map plasticity.
  • To determine the optimal VNS intensity range for directing auditory cortex reorganization.

Main Methods:

  • Rats were exposed to a 9 kHz tone paired with VNS at varying intensities (0.4, 0.8, 1.2, 1.6 mA).
  • Cortical neuronal tuning to frequencies near the paired tone was measured.

Main Results:

  • Moderate VNS intensity (0.4-0.8 mA) increased neuronal tuning to the paired tone frequency by 75%.
  • High VNS intensity (1.2-1.6 mA) resulted in significantly fewer neurons tuned to the paired frequency.
  • The effective range for plasticity was broader than anticipated.

Conclusions:

  • VNS intensity exhibits a non-monotonic relationship with cortical plasticity, similar to its memory-enhancing effects.
  • Moderate VNS intensities are crucial for inducing significant auditory cortex map reorganization.