Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Biological Effects of Radiation02:59

Biological Effects of Radiation

19.7K
All radioactive nuclides emit high-energy particles or electromagnetic waves. When this radiation encounters living cells, it can cause heating, break chemical bonds, or ionize molecules. The most serious biological damage results when these radioactive emissions fragment or ionize molecules. For example, α and β particles emitted from nuclear decay reactions possess much higher energies than ordinary chemical bond energies. When these particles strike and penetrate matter, they...
19.7K
Radiation: Applications01:17

Radiation: Applications

2.0K
The average temperature of Earth is the subject of much current discussion. Earth is in radiative contact with both the Sun and dark space; it receives almost all its energy from the radiation of the Sun and reflects some of it into outer space. Dark space is very cold, about 3 K, so Earth radiates energy into it. For instance, heat transfer occurs from soil and grasses, the rate of which can be so rapid that frost can occur on clear summer evenings, even in warm latitudes.
The average...
2.0K
Radiation Pressure: Problem Solving01:09

Radiation Pressure: Problem Solving

976
The radiation pressure applied by an electromagnetic wave on a perfectly absorbing surface equals the energy density of the wave. The wave's momentum also gets transferred to the surface when an electromagnetic wave is entirely absorbed by it. The rate at which momentum is transmitted to an absorbing surface perpendicular to the propagation direction equals the force on the surface.
The average value of the rate of momentum transfer divided by the absorbing area represents the average force...
976
Radioactivity and Nuclear Equations03:18

Radioactivity and Nuclear Equations

29.7K
Nuclear chemistry is the study of reactions that involve changes in nuclear structure. The nucleus of an atom is composed of protons and, except for hydrogen, neutrons. The number of protons in the nucleus is called the atomic number (Z) of the element, and the sum of the number of protons and the number of neutrons is the mass number (A). Atoms with the same atomic number but different mass numbers are isotopes of the same element.
A nuclide of an element has a specific number of protons and...
29.7K
Nuclear Transmutation03:20

Nuclear Transmutation

21.0K
Nuclear transmutation is the conversion of one nuclide into another. It can occur by the radioactive decay of a nucleus, or the reaction of a nucleus with another particle. The first manmade nucleus was produced in Ernest Rutherford’s laboratory in 1919 by a transmutation reaction, the bombardment of one type of nuclei with other nuclei or with neutrons. Rutherford bombarded nitrogen-14 atoms with high-speed α particles from a natural radioactive isotope of radium and observed...
21.0K
Absorption of Radiation01:05

Absorption of Radiation

1.6K
The rate of heat transfer by emitted radiation is described by the Stefan-Boltzmann law of radiation:
1.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

A comprehensive Monte Carlo simulation of the neutron response of multi-element microdosimetric detectors based on THick Gas Electron Multiplier.

Radiation protection dosimetry·2023
Same author

Eye lens dosimetry in Canadian CANDU nuclear power plants based on operational dosimetric quantities H<sub>p</sub>(10) and H<sub>p</sub>(0.07).

Applied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine·2021
Same author

Sympathetic predominance before tourniquet deflation is associated with a reduction in arterial blood pressure after tourniquet deflation during total knee arthroplasty.

Physiological research·2021
Same author

Quantification of pure beta spectra in mixed beta gamma fields as part of eye lens dosimetry at CANDU power plants.

Applied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine·2021
Same author

CHARACTERIZATION OF A LANTHANUM BROMIDE DETECTOR FOR EYE LENS DOSIMETRY AT THE CANDU NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS BASED ON DIRECT MEASUREMENTS OF THE GAMMA-RAY SPECTRA.

Radiation protection dosimetry·2020
Same author

Optimization of a Neutron Long Counter Design by Monte Carlo Simulation.

Health physics·2019

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 31, 2026

Characterization of Recombination Effects in a Liquid Ionization Chamber Used for the Dosimetry of a Radiosurgical Accelerator
07:31

Characterization of Recombination Effects in a Liquid Ionization Chamber Used for the Dosimetry of a Radiosurgical Accelerator

Published on: May 9, 2014

12.3K

COMPREHENSIVE RADIATION DOSE MEASUREMENTS AND MONTE CARLO SIMULATION FOR THE 7Li(p,n) ACCELERATOR NEUTRON FIELD.

S Darvish-Molla1, W V Prestwich2, S H Byun2

  • 1Department of Medical Physics and Applied Radiation Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4K1 darvis@mcmaster.ca.

Radiation Protection Dosimetry
|October 15, 2015
PubMed
Summary

This study measured neutron and gamma-ray doses from a 7Li(p,n) neutron facility, finding neutrons dominate the total equivalent dose. Effective dose increases with proton energy, providing valuable data for accelerator neutron users.

More Related Videos

Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ &#945; and &#946; Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition
06:20

Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition

Published on: March 11, 2021

7.8K
Use of a Linear Accelerator for Conducting In Vitro Radiobiology Experiments
06:08

Use of a Linear Accelerator for Conducting In Vitro Radiobiology Experiments

Published on: May 26, 2019

8.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 31, 2026

Characterization of Recombination Effects in a Liquid Ionization Chamber Used for the Dosimetry of a Radiosurgical Accelerator
07:31

Characterization of Recombination Effects in a Liquid Ionization Chamber Used for the Dosimetry of a Radiosurgical Accelerator

Published on: May 9, 2014

12.3K
Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ &#945; and &#946; Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition
06:20

Irradiator Commissioning and Dosimetry for Assessment of LQ α and β Parameters, Radiation Dosing Schema, and in vivo Dose Deposition

Published on: March 11, 2021

7.8K
Use of a Linear Accelerator for Conducting In Vitro Radiobiology Experiments
06:08

Use of a Linear Accelerator for Conducting In Vitro Radiobiology Experiments

Published on: May 26, 2019

8.0K

Area of Science:

  • Medical Physics
  • Radiation Dosimetry
  • Nuclear Instrumentation

Background:

  • The McMaster 7Li(p,n) neutron facility is crucial for various applications.
  • Understanding radiation dose dependence on proton energy is vital for safety and experimental design.
  • Accurate dosimetry is essential for interpreting results and ensuring personnel protection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between incident proton energy and radiation dose.
  • To determine the spatial distribution of neutron and gamma-ray doses.
  • To provide essential data for users of the 7Li(p,n) neutron facility.

Main Methods:

  • Measurements of neutron and gamma-ray doses using a tissue-equivalent proportional counter.
  • Collection of microdosimetric spectra and determination of absorbed doses at various positions.
  • MCNP Monte Carlo simulations to compute neutron fluence spectra and derive neutron weighting factors.

Main Results:

  • Neutrons were found to be the dominant contributor to the total equivalent dose across most proton energies and positions.
  • The effective dose for a human subject increased significantly with proton energy, from 0.058 to 1.306 μSv μA⁻¹ min⁻¹ as energy rose from 1.95 to 2.5 MeV.
  • Spatial distributions of neutron and gamma-ray doses were mapped within and outside the irradiation cavity.

Conclusions:

  • Neutron radiation is the primary concern for equivalent dose in the studied energy range.
  • Proton energy is a critical parameter influencing the effective dose.
  • The findings offer crucial data for optimizing radiation protection and experimental procedures for 7Li(p,n) facility users.