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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 31, 2026

Determining Gender-Based Differences in Retinal and Choroidal Thickness in Underweight Individuals via Swept-Source Optical Coherence Tomography
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Underweight and mortality.

Joo Young Lee1, Hyeon Chang Kim1, Changsoo Kim1

  • 11Department of Preventive Medicine,Yonsei University College of Medicine,50-1 Yonsei-ro,Seodaemun-gu,Seoul 120-752,Republic of Korea.

Public Health Nutrition
|October 16, 2015
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Summary

This study found that being underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2) is not associated with increased all-cause mortality in Korean adults. The findings suggest that underweight status alone does not significantly increase mortality risk in this population.

Keywords:
KoreaMortalityObesitySmokingThinness

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Nutritional Science

Background:

  • Previous prospective studies indicate a higher mortality risk for underweight individuals (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2), particularly smokers.
  • The association between underweight status and mortality may vary across different populations and smoking statuses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether being underweight is significantly associated with increased all-cause mortality in a generally lean Korean population.
  • To examine the relationship between underweight status and mortality, considering smoking history.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study was conducted using data from the Korea Medical Insurance Corporation.
  • The study included 94,133 men and 48,496 women aged 35-59 years, with a 14-year follow-up period.
  • Deaths within the first 5 years were excluded to minimize reverse causation, and participants with incomplete smoking or health status information were removed.

Main Results:

  • Among never smokers, underweight men (HR=0.87) and women (HR=1.12) showed no significant increase in all-cause mortality compared to normal-weight individuals.
  • Among ex-smokers, underweight men (HR=0.86) and women (HR=3.77) also did not exhibit a statistically significant increase in mortality.
  • Current smokers who were underweight had a significantly higher hazard ratio for mortality (men: HR=1.60; women: HR=2.07), although the association for women was not statistically significant due to wide confidence intervals.

Conclusions:

  • The study's findings do not support the hypothesis that being underweight, in itself, is associated with increased all-cause mortality in Korean men and women.
  • The results highlight the importance of considering smoking status when evaluating the mortality risks associated with underweight individuals.