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Diversity, ecology, and evolution in Phycomyces.

Lola P Camino1, Alexander Idnurm2, Enrique Cerdá-Olmedo1

  • 1Departamento de Genética, Universidad de Sevilla, Apartado 1095, E-41080 Sevilla, Spain.

Fungal Biology
|October 16, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study revises the fungal genus Phycomyces, confirming species like P. blakesleeanus and P. nitens using morphology and DNA. Genetic diversity highlights geographical clustering and aids in understanding speciation within Mucorales.

Keywords:
BiogeographyBlakesleaMucoralesPhylogenySex allelomorphsSpeciation

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Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Fungal genetics
  • Phylogenetics

Background:

  • The fungal genus Phycomyces, belonging to Mucoromycotina and Mucorales, required revision to clarify its taxonomic status.
  • Previous classifications lacked comprehensive analysis of morphological, sexual, and genetic characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To revise the fungal genus Phycomyces based on extensive strain analysis.
  • To confirm and differentiate species within Phycomyces, specifically P. blakesleeanus and P. nitens.
  • To investigate genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships within the Mucorales.

Main Methods:

  • Examination of 96 fungal strains from collections and new isolations.
  • Analysis of morphology, sexuality, and DNA sequences (including sexM, sexP, and ribosomal RNAs).
  • Population structure analysis, including restriction-length polymorphisms.

Main Results:

  • Morphology, sexuality, and DNA sequences clearly distinguish Phycomyces from other Mucorales.
  • P. blakesleeanus and P. nitens species and the family Phycomycetaceae are validated by spore size, sexual interactions, and gene sequences.
  • Significant genetic diversity was observed within isolates from the same biomass, particularly in the Canary Islands, suggesting limited dispersal.
  • P. blakesleeanus strains show geographical clustering, and most strains complete the sexual cycle in laboratory conditions.

Conclusions:

  • The study validates Phycomyces species and family using multiple lines of evidence.
  • Genetic diversity and geographical clustering in P. blakesleeanus provide insights into fungal population dynamics.
  • The sex genes (sexM and sexP) are recommended for studying speciation in Mucorales.