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Intellectual disability in Indigenous Australians: issues and challenges.

Sivasankaran Balaratnasingam¹, Meera Roy²

¹Regional Psychiatrist, Kimberley Mental Health and Drug Service, Australia; Associate Professor, School of Psychiatry & Clinical Neurosciences, University of Western Australia, WA, Australia siva.bala@health.wa.gov.au.

Australasian Psychiatry : Bulletin of Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists

|October 16, 2015

Summary

Intellectual disability (ID) is more common in Indigenous Australians due to sociocultural factors and developmental issues. Further research, training, and resources are crucial for addressing this emerging health concern.

Keywords:

Aboriginal Australian Indigenous intellectual disability mental retardation

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Area of Science:

Psychiatry
Public Health
Developmental Disabilities

Background:

Intellectual disability (ID) presents unique challenges within Indigenous Australian communities.
Understanding the prevalence and contributing factors of ID in this population is critical.

Purpose of the Study:

To summarize the current knowledge on intellectual disability (ID) among Indigenous Australians.
To identify research gaps and future research directions in this area.

Main Methods:

A selective review of psychiatric literature was conducted.
Key articles were identified and findings synthesized.

Main Results:

Intellectual disability (ID) is reportedly more prevalent in Indigenous Australians.
Sociocultural factors and the lack of validated psychometric measures influence ID assessment.
Prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal factors contribute to impaired brain development and ID.
Comorbid physical and psychiatric disorders require careful assessment and management.

Conclusions:

Intellectual disability (ID) is an emerging health concern for professionals working with Indigenous Australians.
This field necessitates further research, targeted training, and adequate resourcing.