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Dietary Patterns Seem to Influence the Development of Perfusion Changes in Cardiac Syndrome X Patients
Wojciech Szot1, Joanna Zając2, Magdalena Kostkiewicz3
1Department of Hygiene and Dietetics, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland Nuclear Medicine Department, John Paul II Hospital, Kraków, Poland.
Insights
Dietary patterns impact myocardial perfusion in women with Cardiac Syndrome X (CSX), a form of stable angina. High fat and protein intake correlated with poorer heart perfusion, suggesting diet influences CSX progression.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Nutritional Science
- Diagnostic Imaging
Background:
- Cardiac Syndrome X (CSX), now often termed Microvascular Angina (MA), involves micro-vascular changes without significant coronary artery blockages.
- Patients experience angina-like chest pain, impacting quality of life, with observable left ventricle perfusion changes.
- ESC 2013 criteria replaced CSX with MA, but the condition remains a recognized cause of stable angina.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the influence of diet on myocardial perfusion in women diagnosed with CSX.
- To determine potential correlations between dietary patterns and visualized perfusion changes in CSX patients.
Main Methods:
- Screened 436 women with angina-like symptoms and normal coronary angiography for CSX.
- 55 women diagnosed with CSX completed nutritional questionnaires and underwent myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) and exercise tests.
Main Results:
- Dietary patterns in the CSX group deviated from normal, with excessive protein, animal fats, and sugars, and insufficient complex carbohydrates and oils.
- No definitive correlations were found, but higher fat and protein intake appeared linked to worse MPI perfusion patterns.
Conclusions:
- Dietary patterns appear to influence the development of myocardial perfusion changes in patients with CSX.
- Nutritional interventions may play a role in managing CSX and improving cardiac perfusion.
Background:
Cardiac syndrome X (CSX) is linked with changes in the heart's micro-vasculature, without significant changes in main coronary vessels. According to ESC 2013 stable coronary artery disease criteria, CSX was replaced by Microvascular Angina (MA). While no changes in main coronary vessels are present, most patients still suffer from angina-like chest pains, which significantly diminish their quality of life. CSX is recognized among other coronary diseases and is now considered to be a form of stable angina. In most CSX patients we can visualize perfusion changes in the left ventricle.
Objectives:
Since it is well known that the kind of diet can greatly influence the development of coronary disease, our aim was to evaluate the influence of diet on the myocardial perfusion in the group of patients who were diagnosed of CSX. In addition, we tried to verify whether there is any correlation between dietary patterns and perfusion changes visualized in this group of patients.
Material And Methods:
Toward this goal we screened for the presence of CSX a group of 436 women who suffered from angina-like symptoms and whose routinely performed angiography revealed no changes in coronary vessels. Out of these, 55 women with CSX diagnosis, completed questionnaires regarding their nutritional patterns and underwent both myocardial perfusion studies (MPI) and exercise tests.
Results:
In the studied group dietary patterns were far from normal values, with the majority of women consuming too much protein, animal fats and sugars in their daily diet, and too low amounts of complex carbohydrates and oils. We were not able to find definite correlations between diet and perfusion changes; however, women whose diet included too high fat and protein intake, seemed to have worse perfusion pattern in MPI.
Conclusions:
Nutritional pattern seems to have an impact on development of myocardial perfusion changes in CSX patients.
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