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Updated: Mar 31, 2026
Accessing the Cytotoxicity and Cell Response to Biomaterials
Published on: July 8, 2021
Cytotoxicity Evaluation and Crystallochemical Analysis of a Novel and Commercially Available Bone Substitute Material
Witold Bojar1, Tomasz Ciach2, Martyna Kucharska2
1Medical Devices, National Medicines Institute, Warszawa, Poland.
Background:
Alloplastic biomaterials are an alternative for autologous transplants and xenografts in oral surgery and dental implantology. These non-immunogenic and resorbable materials are becoming the basis for complete and predictable guided bone regeneration in many cases. The chemical composition of a great majority of them is based on calcium phosphate salts. In vivo performance is often variable.
Objectives:
The objective was to evaluate the biological and chemical properties of an experimental bone substitute material.
Material And Methods:
The present research focuses on the cytotoxicity comparison and physiochemical characterization of two biomaterials: a novel chitosan/tricalcium phosphate/alginate composite (CH/TCP/Ag) and a commercially available synthetic bone graft made of HA (60%) and βTCP (40%) (HA/TCP). The materials were evaluated according to PN-EN ISO 10993 Biological evaluation of medical devices i.e. cytotoxicity on mouse fibroblasts (L929) and, in addition, tests on human osteoblasts (hFOB1.19) and human osteosarcoma (MG-63) were conducted. The crystallochemical analysis was performed using the X-ray powder diffraction method. The Bruker-AXS D8 Advance diffractometer (Karlsruhe, Germany) was used to collect diffractograms.
Results:
The tested materials showed a close resemblance in chemical composition and a considerable differentiation in cytotoxic response.
Conclusions:
The novel composite demonstrated a high degree of cytocompatibility, which is promising in future clinical trials.
