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The Inflammasome Adaptor ASC Induces Procaspase-8 Death Effector Domain Filaments.

Parimala R Vajjhala1, Alvin Lu2, Darren L Brown3

  • 1From the School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences and.

The Journal of Biological Chemistry
|October 16, 2015
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Summary

Inflammasomes assemble by forming filaments. Adaptor ASC filaments nucleate procaspase-8 filaments, suggesting a role in inflammasome-mediated inflammation and cell death.

Keywords:
apoptosiscaspasecell deathdeath domaindeath domain filamentsinflammasomepattern recognition receptor (PRR)

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Inflammasomes are multiprotein complexes crucial for innate immunity.
  • They trigger inflammatory responses and cell death by activating caspases.
  • ASC adaptor protein polymerization into filaments is central to inflammasome assembly.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of ASC filaments in recruiting and activating procaspase-8.
  • To characterize the interaction between ASC and procaspase-8 at a molecular level.
  • To explore the formation and potential function of procaspase-8 filaments.

Main Methods:

  • In vitro and in vivo filamentation assays.
  • Analysis of ASC pyrin domain (PYD) mutants.
  • Biochemical and structural studies of protein-protein interactions.

Main Results:

  • ASC filaments nucleate procaspase-8 death effector domain (DED) filaments.
  • The interaction requires both DEDs of procaspase-8 and involves conserved surfaces on ASC PYD.
  • Procaspase-8 filaments, including the catalytic domain, can condense, suggesting a mechanism for caspase-8 activation.

Conclusions:

  • ASC filaments serve as scaffolds for procaspase-8 filament formation.
  • This process is critical for inflammasome activation and potentially for apoptosis.
  • Shared interaction modes suggest a common principle for filament assembly in death signaling pathways.