Related Experiment Video
Updated: Mar 31, 2026
Assessing Urinary Tract Junction Obstruction Defects by Methylene Blue Dye Injection
Published on: October 12, 2017
Effect of movement and developmental factors in growth and evolution in children with vesicoureteral reflux
Parsa Yousefichaijan1, Fatemeh Dorreh2, Mohammad Rafiei3
1Department of Pediatric Nephrology, School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
Insights
Children with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) showed better growth and development compared to healthy children. This study investigated VUR
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Nephrology
- Developmental Pediatrics
- Urology
Background:
- Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) involves backward urine flow, potentially harming kidneys due to high pressure during urination.
- High prevalence of VUR and growth delays in children with chronic conditions necessitate further investigation.
- Understanding growth discrepancies in VUR patients can inform targeted treatment strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess growth and developmental impairments in children diagnosed with VUR.
- To compare developmental outcomes between children with VUR and a healthy control group.
Main Methods:
- Voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) identified VUR in pediatric patients presenting with urinary tract infections (UTIs).
- Participants were categorized into VUR and control groups, with standardized measurements of height and weight.
- Age-adjusted Ages and Stages Questionnaires (ASQ) and Nelson's evolution table assessed developmental milestones.
Main Results:
- Significant differences (P<0.05) were observed between groups in fine motor skills, gross motor development, height and weight percentiles, and parental literacy.
- These variations may be attributed to enhanced medical assessment, follow-up care, and higher socioeconomic status in the VUR cohort.
Conclusions:
- Children diagnosed with VUR demonstrated superior outcomes in height and weight growth compared to their healthy counterparts.
- VUR patients also exhibited better development in gross and fine motor skills and communication abilities.
Introduction:
Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is a backward flow of urine from bladder to ureter or kidney. Potential reflux is harmful because of kidney being faced with the hemodynamic high-pressure during urination. This project was carried out for high prevalence of VUR and delay in growth of children with chronic diseases. In case of growth disorder in children with this disease and its difference with healthy person, treatment can be tried by treating the growth disorder.
Objectives:
The purpose of this study is survey of children with VUR about growth and developmental impairment.
Patients And Methods:
All patients who performed voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG)because of UTI, divided into 2 groups, healthy and sick. History and checklist filled, patients' height and weight measured in a standard way and ASQ questionnaires adjusted to age, used for the studying development effect. The height and weight of children measured by standard meter and scale and used the curves adjusted to age and sex. Control group entered the study with the same characteristics of case group without VUR, however, their height and weight were recorded. The way of evolution studied according to Nelsons evolution table and ASQ questionnaire.
Results:
The both groups (total of 150 studied children) in the area of development of fine motor, gross motor and indicators of mean and percentile of height and weight and parents' literacy, had a significant difference (P< 0.05). It is can be due to better assessment and follow, higher education levels and better socioeconomic situation.
Conclusion:
Children with VUR, in terms of height and weight growth and index of gross and fine movements and communicate were better than normal children.
Related Concept Videos
01:20Physiology of the Genitourinary System III: Urine Concentration and Dilution
01:22Imaging Studies VI: Voiding Cystourethrography and Cystography
01:19Urodynamic Studies: Uroflowmetry
01:26Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations
01:26The Micturition Reflex
The process begins with bladder filling, where the bladder wall stretches as urine accumulates. This stretching activates the urine storage reflex, mediated by the sacral spinal segments and the pontine storage center. Efferent sympathetic impulses stimulate the detrusor muscle to relax and the internal urethral sphincter to contract, facilitating...
01:24Physiology of Urine Formation
Glomerular Filtration
The first stage in urine formation is glomerular filtration. Each kidney contains approximately 1 million nephrons, the functional units of filtration, with a...