Functional appliances: a review.

Area of Science:

• Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics
• Craniofacial Biology

Background:

• Class II malocclusions present a significant challenge in orthodontic treatment.
• Functional appliances are commonly used to address skeletal discrepancies in growing patients.
• Understanding the dentofacial effects of specific appliances is crucial for effective treatment planning.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review scientific literature on the dentofacial effects of the activator and functional regulator appliances.
• To evaluate the efficacy of these two specific functional appliances in treating Class II malocclusions.

Main Methods:

• Literature search of scientific databases for relevant studies.
• Inclusion criteria focused on studies investigating the activator and functional regulator.
• Analysis of reported dentofacial changes in patients with Class II malocclusions.

Main Results:

• The activator and functional regulator demonstrate varying effects on maxillary and mandibular growth and positioning.
• Both appliances can induce changes in dentofacial structures, contributing to Class II correction.
• Specific outcomes depend on appliance design, treatment duration, and patient compliance.

Conclusions:

• The activator and functional regulator are effective in modifying dentofacial structures for Class II malocclusion treatment.
• Further research may be needed to compare the differential effects of these appliances.
• Evidence supports the use of these functional appliances in orthodontic practice.