Effect of Fasting on Corneal Biomechanical and Structural Parameters

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Physiology
• Human Biology

Background:

• Fasting during Ramadan involves prolonged periods of hunger and thirst.
• Understanding the physiological effects of fasting on ocular structures is crucial for eye health.
• Previous research has not extensively explored the impact of Ramadan fasting on corneal biomechanics and anterior chamber parameters.

Purpose of the Study:

• To investigate the effects of hunger and thirst experienced during Ramadan fasting on corneal biomechanical and structural properties.
• To compare ocular parameters during and after the fasting period.

Main Methods:

• Corneal biomechanical properties and intraocular pressures were measured using the Reichert Ocular Response Analyzer.
• Corneal and anterior eye chamber structures were analyzed with the Oculus Pentacam.
• 29 healthy subjects were evaluated at 8 am and 4 pm, both during and one month after Ramadan.

Main Results:

• Significant intraday changes were observed in horizontal corneal astigmatism, anterior chamber volume, Goldmann intraocular pressure (IOPg), and corneal resistance factor (CRF) during Ramadan fasting compared to the post-fasting period.
• Specific differences were noted in anterior chamber volume and angle at 8 am, and in IOPg and CRF at 4 pm when comparing measurements during and after Ramadan.

Conclusions:

• Fasting for over 12 hours during Ramadan provides a unique opportunity to study the eye's response to hunger and thirst.
• This study contributes valuable data on how dietary habits and water intake influence corneal and anterior chamber characteristics.