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High-specificity quantification method for almond-by-products, based on differential proteomic analysis.

Shiwei Zhang1, Shifeng Wang1, Jingmin Huang1

  • 1Shenzhen Academy of Metrology and Quality Inspection, Shenzhen 518102, PR China.

Food Chemistry
|October 17, 2015
PubMed
Summary

A new competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) accurately identifies almond products. This highly specific method distinguishes almond from other seeds, even after heat treatment.

Keywords:
AlmondEnzyme-linked immunosorbent assayProteomeQuantitative analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Food Science
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Proteomics

Background:

  • Accurate identification of almond products is crucial for food safety and quality control.
  • Existing methods may lack specificity or be unsuitable for processed foods.
  • Differential proteomic analysis offers a pathway to discover specific markers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a highly specific competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for identifying and classifying almond products.
  • To establish a reliable method for detecting almond content in various food matrices.
  • To assess the assay's performance with heat-treated and processed food samples.

Main Methods:

  • Two-dimensional electrophoresis was used to compare almond and apricot kernel proteomes.
  • Almond-specific peptide sequences were identified and used to generate monoclonal antibodies.
  • A competitive ELISA protocol was optimized using the developed antibody.
  • Cross-reactivity, limit of detection, recovery, and coefficient of variation were evaluated.

Main Results:

  • A specific monoclonal antibody was generated against an almond-specific peptide (RQGRQQGRQQQEEGR).
  • The developed ELISA showed no cross-reactivity with apricot or other tested seeds.
  • The limit of detection ranged from 2.5-100 μg/g, with high recoveries (82-96%).
  • Protein loss after heat treatment (pasteurization, baking, autoclaving) was minimal (2-15%).

Conclusions:

  • The developed competitive ELISA is a highly specific and sensitive method for almond product identification.
  • The assay is robust and performs well with heat-processed food samples.
  • This method provides a valuable tool for ensuring authenticity and quality in the food industry.