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Related Concept Videos

Thin-Walled Hollow Shafts01:15

Thin-Walled Hollow Shafts

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In analyzing a thin-walled hollow shaft subjected to torsional loading, a segment with width dx is isolated for examination. Despite its equilibrium state, this segment faces torsional shearing forces at its ends. These forces are quantitatively described by the product of the longitudinal shearing stress on the segment's minor surface and the area of this surface, leading to the concept of shear flow. This shear flow is consistent throughout the structure, indicating a uniform distribution of...
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Shearing stress, denoted by the Greek letter tau (τ), is stress caused by forces acting transversely on an object. These forces create internal ones within the entity in the plane where the external forces are applied. The resultant of these internal forces is the shear in the section.
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When a beam is subjected to different loads, such as weight, pressure, or other external forces, internal forces are generated within the beam. These forces can have a significant impact on the overall stability and strength of the structure. Engineers use various methods to analyze and determine the magnitude and direction of these internal forces. One common technique used to determine internal forces in beams is the method of sections. This method involves considering an imaginary point or...
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Elastic Strain Energy for Shearing Stresses01:20

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As discussed in previous lessons, strain energy in a material is the energy stored when it is elastically deformed, a concept crucial in materials science and mechanical engineering. This energy results from the internal work done against the cohesive forces within the material. When a material undergoes shearing stress and corresponding shearing strain, the strain energy density, which is the energy stored per unit volume, is calculated. Within the elastic limit, where the stress is...
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The shearing strain represents a cubic element's angular change when subjected to shearing stress. This type of stress can transform a cube into an oblique parallelepiped without influencing normal strains. The cubic element experiences a significant transformation when exposed solely to shearing stress. Its shape alters from a perfect cube into a rhomboid, clearly demonstrating the effect of shearing strain. The degree of this strain is considered positive if it reduces the angle between the...
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Stress is a quantity that describes the magnitude of a force that causes deformation, generally defined as internal force per unit area. When forces pull on an object and cause its elongation, like the stretching of an elastic band, it is called tensile stress. When forces cause the compression of an object, it is known as compressive stress. When an object is being squeezed uniformly from all sides, like a submarine in the depths of the ocean, we call this kind of stress bulk stress (or volume...
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Studying Large Amplitude Oscillatory Shear Response of Soft Materials
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Free volume under shear.

Moumita Maiti1, H A Vinutha2, Srikanth Sastry2

  • 1Institute for Theoretical Physics, Georg-August University of Göttingen, Friedrich-Hund Platz 1, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.

The Journal of Chemical Physics
|October 17, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Sheared hard-particle packings below random-close packing develop free-volume structures mimicking jammed states. Thermalization erases these features, linking free-volume evolution to particle dynamics.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Computational Simulation

Background:

  • Understanding the behavior of granular materials and particle packings is crucial in various scientific fields.
  • The random-close packing threshold represents a critical state in the jamming of disordered systems.
  • Free volume distribution significantly influences the mechanical and transport properties of materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the distribution of free volumes in sheared hard-particle packings.
  • To explore how shear affects particle self-organization and free volume characteristics.
  • To compare the effects of athermal shear versus thermalization on packing structures.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized an athermal quasistatic simulation protocol.
  • Studied hard-particle packings near, but below, the random-close packing threshold.
  • Analyzed the temporal evolution of free-volume patches and single-particle dynamics.

Main Results:

  • Shear induces free-volume features similar to close-packed systems, irrespective of volume fraction.
  • Particles self-organize under shear to mimic an isotropically jammed state.
  • Thermalization erases these shear-induced structural features, altering free-volume patches.

Conclusions:

  • Athermal shear drives particle packings towards ordered structures, even below jamming.
  • The dynamics of free-volume changes correlate with single-particle motion, transitioning from ballistic to diffusive.
  • Thermal energy disrupts the ordered structures formed by athermal shear.