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Opsin evolution in the Ambulacraria.

S D'Aniello1, J Delroisse2, A Valero-Gracia1

  • 1Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Villa Comunale, 80121 Napoli, Italy.

Marine Genomics
|October 17, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study reveals the opsin gene families in Ambulacraria, providing a phylogenetic framework for photoreception evolution in marine deuterostomes. New opsin sequences were identified in hemichordates and echinoderms.

Keywords:
AmbulacrariaEchinodermEchinopsinHemichordateOpsinPhotoreceptor cell evolutionPhylogeny

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Opsins, crucial G-protein coupled receptors for photoreception, are well-studied in animals.
  • Understanding opsin evolution in major clades like Ambulacraria is key to photoreceptor cell evolution.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To conduct the first comprehensive analysis of opsin sequences within the Ambulacraria superphylum.
  • To establish a robust opsin phylogeny for Ambulacraria and understand their evolutionary history.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic analysis of opsin sequence data from hemichordates and echinoderms.
  • Surveying genomic and transcriptomic resources across Hemichordata and Echinodermata classes.
  • Phylogenetic analysis incorporating eumetazoan and non-ambulacrarian opsin references.

Main Results:

  • Identified 119 ambulacrarian opsin sequences, including 22 new hemichordate and 97 new echinoderm sequences.
  • Confirmed the presence of all major ancestral bilaterian opsin groups within Ambulacraria.
  • Discovered two novel opsin groups exclusive to echinoderms.

Conclusions:

  • Established a molecular phylogenetic framework for studying light perception in marine deuterostomes.
  • Provided significant insights into opsin-based photoreception and photoreceptor evolution in Ambulacraria.
  • Highlighted the evolutionary diversity of opsins within this important superphylum.