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Epigenetics and cytoprotection with heat acclimation.

Michal Horowitz1

  • 1Laboratory of Environmental Physiology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel m.horowitz@mail.huji.ac.il.

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Phenotypic plasticity allows individuals to adapt to changing environments through reversible changes. Epigenetic mechanisms, particularly histone modifications, enable a "memory" of heat acclimation for rapid re-establishment and cytoprotection.

Keywords:
cross-toleranceepigenetic and cytoprotective memoryheat acclimation

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Area of Science:

  • Cellular and Molecular Biology
  • Environmental Adaptation
  • Epigenetics

Background:

  • Phenotypic plasticity enables organisms to adjust traits in response to environmental changes, crucial for survival.
  • Acclimation, a form of phenotypic plasticity, involves molecular programs that alter gene expression.
  • Epigenetic mechanisms are increasingly recognized as key regulators of acclimation, particularly in response to heat stress.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of epigenetic mechanisms in heat acclimation and the establishment of cytoprotective memory.
  • To identify molecular players involved in maintaining acclimation and facilitating rapid reacclimation.
  • To understand how epigenetic changes contribute to cross-tolerance and enhanced survival under stress.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of transcriptomic changes during heat acclimation and deacclimation.
  • Investigation of epigenetic modifications, including histone acetylation, at specific gene promoters (HSP70, HSP90).
  • Examination of the roles of poly(ADP-ribose)ribose polymerase 1, histone H1, and P38 pathway transcription factors.

Main Results:

  • Heat acclimation induces epigenetic changes, including histone H4 acetylation on HSP70 and HSP90 promoters, creating a molecular memory.
  • Deacclimation involves constitutive activation of epigenetic bookmarks, facilitating rapid reacclimation.
  • Novel factors like PARP1 and histone H1 are implicated in maintaining chromatin structure and proteostasis during acclimation cycles.

Conclusions:

  • Epigenetic mechanisms provide a within-life adaptive memory, enabling rapid reacclimation and cytoprotection.
  • These adaptations involve maintaining euchromatin and proteostasis, crucial for resilience to environmental stressors.
  • The identified molecular players offer insights into the regulation of phenotypic plasticity and stress response.