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Updated: Mar 31, 2026

Vagus Nerve Stimulation As an Adjunctive Neurostimulation Tool in Treatment-resistant Depression
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Vagus Nerve Stimulation and Headache.

Hsiangkuo Yuan1, Stephen D Silberstein1

  • 1Jefferson Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Headache
|October 17, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Noninvasive vagus nerve stimulation (nVNS) offers a promising, safe alternative for headache management, reducing the need for medication. This neuromodulation technique shows efficacy in acute and chronic migraine and cluster headache attacks.

Keywords:
cluster headacheheadachemigrainevagus nervevagus nerve stimulation

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Pain Management
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Neuromodulation is an emerging field for headache treatment.
  • Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has shown potential in reducing headache pain.
  • Both invasive and noninvasive VNS have demonstrated therapeutic effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent developments in vagus nerve stimulation for headache management.
  • To evaluate the efficacy and safety of noninvasive VNS (nVNS) for various headache types.
  • To explore the potential disease-modifying effects of nVNS.

Main Methods:

  • Review of early case series using invasive VNS in epilepsy and depression cohorts.
  • Analysis of studies on noninvasive VNS (nVNS) for acute and chronic migraine and cluster headaches.
  • Inclusion of animal studies investigating nVNS effects on pain pathways and cortical spreading depression.

Main Results:

  • Invasive VNS serendipitously reduced headache frequency and/or severity.
  • Noninvasive VNS (nVNS) showed efficacy for acute migraine and cluster headache attacks.
  • Long-term nVNS use demonstrated prophylactic effects for chronic migraine and cluster headache, with a high safety profile.

Conclusions:

  • Noninvasive VNS (nVNS) is a promising therapeutic option for headache management.
  • nVNS appears as effective as invasive VNS for many indications.
  • The progression of nVNS efficacy suggests disease-modifying neuromodulation capabilities.