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Related Experiment Videos

Decrease in insulin binding to aortic endothelial cells cultured with high glucose concentration.

H Ono1, F Umeda, T Inoguchi

  • 1Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice
|February 15, 1989
PubMed
Summary
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High glucose levels significantly reduce insulin binding to bovine aortic endothelial cells. This suggests glucose may impair insulin transport, impacting cellular function.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Endothelial cells play a crucial role in vascular health and insulin transport.
  • Understanding how glucose affects insulin binding is vital for metabolic research.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of varying glucose concentrations on insulin binding to cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells.
  • To determine if glucose concentration affects insulin receptor affinity or capacity.

Main Methods:

  • Cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells were exposed to different glucose concentrations (100 mg/dl and 300 mg/dl) or glucose with mannitol.
  • Radioactive 125I-insulin was added to cell monolayers to measure specific insulin binding.
  • Scatchard analysis was employed to analyze binding kinetics and receptor characteristics.

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Main Results:

  • Specific insulin binding increased with incubation time and insulin dosage.
  • Higher glucose concentrations (300 mg/dl) significantly reduced insulin binding compared to lower concentrations (100 mg/dl).
  • Scatchard analysis revealed a significant decrease in insulin binding affinity (Kd) at higher glucose levels, while binding capacity remained unchanged.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated glucose levels impair insulin binding to endothelial cells.
  • The observed reduction in binding is likely due to decreased receptor affinity, not capacity.
  • Glucose may interfere with receptor-mediated insulin transport across the endothelial cell barrier.