Versatility of the Angularis Oris Axial Pattern Flap for Facial Reconstruction

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Surgery
• Dermatology
• Reconstructive Surgery

Background:

• Large facial defects in dogs often require complex reconstructive techniques.
• Axial pattern flaps offer a reliable method for tissue transfer in reconstructive surgery.

Purpose of the Study:

• To evaluate the efficacy of axial pattern flaps based on the angularis oris artery for reconstructing extensive facial defects in dogs.
• To document complications and clinical outcomes associated with this reconstructive method.

Main Methods:

• A retrospective case series involving eight client-owned dogs with nine facial defects.
• Axial pattern flaps were created using the cutaneous perforating branch of the angularis oris artery.
• Flaps were elevated and rotated to cover defects, with primary closure of donor sites.

Main Results:

• Angularis oris axial pattern flaps were successfully used for nasomaxillary, orbital, and intermandibular defects.
• Defects resulted from tumor resection, trauma, or chronic wounds.
• All flaps achieved acceptable functional and cosmetic results with minor complications like edema and partial dehiscence.

Conclusions:

• Axial pattern flaps based on the angularis oris artery provide robust skin coverage for large facial defects in dogs.
• This technique is a valuable option for reconstructing rostral face and chin defects with a low complication rate.