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Macronutrient processing by temperate lakes: A dynamic model for long-term, large-scale application.

Edward Tipping1, John F Boyle2, Daniel N Schillereff2

  • 1Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster LA1 4AP, UK.

The Science of the Total Environment
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new lake model simulates long-term nutrient changes, showing human impacts increased carbon fixation and burial. Allochthonous carbon sources dominate lake sediments, but algal contributions are rising.

Keywords:
Carbon burialNutrient retentionNutrient stoichiometryPrimary productionSediment accumulation

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Geochemistry
  • Limnology

Background:

  • Lake ecosystems are crucial for biogeochemical cycling.
  • Human activities significantly alter nutrient dynamics and sedimentation in lakes.
  • Long-term modeling is needed to understand these changes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a model for long-term, large-scale biogeochemical and sedimentation behavior of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) in lakes.
  • To focus on human-induced changes in lake nutrient dynamics.
  • To simulate sediment accumulation and properties over decades to centuries.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a lake biogeochemical and sedimentation model.
  • Incorporated processes: settling of particulate matter, phytoplankton dynamics, organic matter decomposition, denitrification, and DOM flocculation.
  • Calibrated the model using data from 109 temperate lakes and literature values.
  • Assumed increased nutrient and particulate matter loads during the 20th century.

Main Results:

  • The model captures broad trends in lakewater and sediment variables and predicts net primary production.
  • Allochthonous carbon sources (particulate and dissolved organic matter) contribute more to sediment carbon than algal biomass.
  • The relative contribution of algal biomass to sediment carbon has increased over time.
  • Simulations for UK lakes show significant increases in carbon fixation, carbon burial, and N and P burial during the 20th century.

Conclusions:

  • The model provides a tool for understanding long-term, large-scale lake nutrient dynamics under human influence.
  • Human activities have substantially altered C, N, and P cycling and burial in lakes.
  • Lake ecosystems show increasing sensitivity to algal production in sediment carbon accumulation over time.