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Related Concept Videos

DNA-only Transposons02:57

DNA-only Transposons

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DNA-only transposons are called autonomous transposons since they code for the enzyme transposase that is required for the transposition mechanism. Insertion of transposons can alter gene functions in multiple ways. They can mutate the gene, alter gene expression by introducing a novel promoter or insulator sequence, introduce new splice sites, and change the mRNA transcripts produced, or remodel chromatin structure.
The donor site from where the transposon is excised is either degraded or...
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Transposons01:24

Transposons

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Transposons, or "jumping genes," are small mobile genetic elements (MGEs) that range from 700 to 40,000 base pairs in length. They are found in all organisms and can move within the same chromosome or transfer to different chromosomes. In some cases, transposons can also jump between different host DNA molecules, such as plasmids or viruses, contributing to genetic variability.Barbara McClintock first discovered these mobile genetic elements in the 1940s while studying maize genetics, and she...
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Overview of Transposition and Recombination02:13

Overview of Transposition and Recombination

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Transposons make up a significant part of genomes of various organisms. Therefore, it is believed that transposition played a major evolutionary role in speciation by changing genome sizes and modifying gene expression patterns. For example, in bacteria, transposition can lead to conferring antibiotic resistance. Movement of transposable elements within the genetic pool of pathogenic bacteria can aid in transfer of antibiotic-resistant genetic elements. In eukaryotes, transposons can carry out...
20.6K
RNA-seq03:21

RNA-seq

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RNA sequencing, or RNA-Seq, is a high-throughput sequencing technology used to study the transcriptome of a cell. Transcriptomics helps to interpret the functional elements of a genome and identify the molecular constituents of an organism. Additionally, it also helps in understanding the development of an organism and the occurrence of diseases. 
Before the discovery of RNA-seq, microarray-based methods and Sanger sequencing were used for transcriptome analysis. However, while...
12.5K
LTR Retrotransposons03:08

LTR Retrotransposons

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LTR retrotransposons are class I transposable elements with long terminal repeats flanking an internal coding region. These elements are less abundant in mammals compared to other class I transposable elements. About 8 percent of human genomic DNA comprises LTR retrotransposons. Some of the common examples of LTR retrotransposons are Ty elements in yeast and Copia elements in Drosophila.
The internal coding region of LTR retrotransposons and their mechanism of transposition closely resembles a...
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Non-LTR Retrotransposons03:18

Non-LTR Retrotransposons

14.0K
As the name suggests, non-LTR retrotransposons lack the long terminal repeats characteristic of the LTR retrotransposons. Additionally, both LTR and non-LTR retrotransposons use distinct mechanisms of mobilization. Non-LTR retrotransposons are further divided into two classes - Long interspersed nuclear elements (LINEs) and short interspersed nuclear elements (SINEs), both of which occur abundantly in most mammals, including humans. Some of the active non-LTR retrotransposons in humans are L1...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 31, 2026

Generating Transposon Insertion Libraries in Gram-Negative Bacteria for High-Throughput Sequencing
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Generating Transposon Insertion Libraries in Gram-Negative Bacteria for High-Throughput Sequencing

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Transposon sequencing: methods and expanding applications.

Young Min Kwon, Steven C Ricke, Rabindra K Mandal

    Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
    |October 19, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Transposon sequencing (Tn-seq) is a powerful tool for understanding bacterial gene functions genome-wide. This review guides researchers on implementing and improving Tn-seq methods for diverse bacterial genomics research.

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    Creation of a Dense Transposon Insertion Library Using Bacterial Conjugation in Enterobacterial Strains Such As Escherichia Coli or Shigella flexneri
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    Area of Science:

    • Bacterial functional genomics
    • Microbial genetics
    • Molecular biology

    Background:

    • Understanding genotype-phenotype links is crucial in bacterial functional genomics.
    • Transposon sequencing (Tn-seq) combined with next-generation sequencing (NGS) offers a powerful genome-wide approach to elucidate bacterial gene functions.
    • Tn-seq has been applied across various bacterial species to study gene functions related to significant phenotypes and biological processes.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To provide a comprehensive overview of Tn-seq methodologies.
    • To discuss the technical aspects, advantages, and disadvantages of different Tn-seq protocols.
    • To offer guidance for researchers intending to implement or refine Tn-seq for their studies.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing literature and methodologies on Transposon sequencing (Tn-seq).
    • Analysis of technical improvements in molecular protocols for transposon junction sequence amplification.
    • Evaluation of advancements in next-generation sequencing (NGS) capacity relevant to Tn-seq.

    Main Results:

    • Tn-seq enables genome-wide functional genomics studies in bacteria.
    • Improvements in molecular protocols and NGS technologies are expanding Tn-seq applications.
    • Recent studies highlight the utility of Tn-seq in addressing complex biological questions.

    Conclusions:

    • Tn-seq is an evolving and increasingly powerful technique for bacterial functional genomics.
    • This review serves as a guide for researchers utilizing or developing Tn-seq methods.
    • The expanding applications of Tn-seq offer updated perspectives on current and emerging research areas.