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Related Concept Videos

Voltage-gated Ion Channels01:26

Voltage-gated Ion Channels

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Voltage-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that open and close in response to changes in the membrane potential. They are present on the membranes of all electrically excitable cells such as neurons, heart, and muscle cells.
Generally, all voltage-gated ion channels have a 'voltage-sensing domain' that spans the lipid bilayer. The charged residues in the sensor move in response to the membrane potential changes that open the channel allowing ions movement. There are several types of...
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Voltage-gated Ion Channels01:26

Voltage-gated Ion Channels

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Ligand-gated Ion Channels01:19

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Ligand-gated Ion Channels01:19

Ligand-gated Ion Channels

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Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins with a channel for ions to pass through and a binding site for a ligand. The channel opens only when a ligand attaches to the binding site.
Three Subfamilies of Ligand-gated Ion Channels
Ligand-gated ion channels fall into three subfamilies. The 'Cys-loop' includes the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glycine, and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors. The second one is the 'Pore-loop' channels that...
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Ligand-Gated Ion Channel Receptor: Gating Mechanism01:30

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Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that play a vital role in intercellular communication and functions of the nervous system. They allow the influx of ions across the membrane once the neurotransmitter binds, allowing the subsequent transmission of electrical excitation across the neurons. Other ligand-gated ion channels, like the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor, permit anions like chloride into the cells on the binding of the GABA molecule. Their entry into the cell...
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Non-gated Ion Channels01:24

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Ion channels are specialized proteins on the plasma membrane that allow charged ions to pass down their electrochemical gradient. Their main function is to maintain the membrane potential which is critical for cell viability. These channels are either gated or non-gated and can transport more than a thousand ions within milliseconds for the cellular event to occur.
Compared to the gated ion channels, the non-gated channels, also known as leakage or passive channels, have no gating mechanism....
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Updated: Mar 31, 2026

Use of Label-free Optical Biosensors to Detect Modulation of Potassium Channels by G-protein Coupled Receptors
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Use of Label-free Optical Biosensors to Detect Modulation of Potassium Channels by G-protein Coupled Receptors

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Spin Labeling of Potassium Channels.

Dylan Burdette1, Adrian Gross1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, Illinois, USA.

Methods in Enzymology
|October 20, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Spin labeling studies reveal dynamic structures of potassium channels, crucial for understanding their function. This chapter details methods for preparing spin-labeled potassium channels, including KcsA and KvAP, for structural analysis.

Keywords:
EPRElectron paramagnetic resonanceFermentationIon channelMembrane proteinNitroxideOverexpressionPotassium channelSpectroscopySpin labeling

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Use of Label-free Optical Biosensors to Detect Modulation of Potassium Channels by G-protein Coupled Receptors
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Area of Science:

  • Structural Biology
  • Biophysics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Potassium channels are extensively studied using structural techniques.
  • High-resolution crystal structures offer insights into molecular architecture.
  • Spin labeling studies reveal dynamic structural aspects crucial for channel function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive guide on spin labeling techniques for potassium channels.
  • To detail methods for overexpression, purification, spin labeling, and reconstitution of modified potassium channels.
  • To highlight common challenges and solutions in preparing spin-labeled channel samples.

Main Methods:

  • Overexpression and purification of potassium channel proteins.
  • Site-directed spin labeling (SDSL) of specific amino acid residues.
  • Reconstitution of spin-labeled channels into lipid bilayers.
  • Electron Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy for structural analysis.

Main Results:

  • Established protocols for producing high-quality spin-labeled potassium channel samples.
  • Identification of common pitfalls and troubleshooting strategies.
  • Detailed methods applicable to KcsA and KvAP potassium channels.

Conclusions:

  • Spin labeling is a powerful technique for investigating potassium channel dynamics.
  • The presented methods facilitate the structural and functional characterization of potassium channels.
  • This work serves as a practical resource for researchers in the field.