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White matter tract covariance patterns predict age-declining cognitive abilities.

Yunglin Gazes1, F DuBois Bowman2, Qolamreza R Razlighi1

  • 1Cognitive Neuroscience Division, Department of Neurology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.

Neuroimage
|October 20, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Specific white matter (WM) tract patterns significantly impact age-related cognitive changes in perceptual speed, episodic memory, and fluid reasoning. Vocabulary ability

Keywords:
CognitionDiffusion tensor imagingMediationMultivariate statisticsPrincipal component analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Science
  • Aging Research

Background:

  • Previous research on white matter (WM) integrity and cognition often used global measures or limited tracts.
  • Simultaneous analysis of all WM tracts is challenging due to high collinearity and statistical power limitations.
  • Multivariate covariance techniques offer a method for comprehensive, simultaneous WM tract examination.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the simultaneous contribution of 18 major white matter tracts to four cognitive abilities.
  • To examine age-independent and age-related effects of white matter integrity on cognition using Scaled Subprofile Modeling (SSM).

Main Methods:

  • Scaled Subprofile Modeling (SSM) applied to mean integrity of 18 major white matter tracts.
  • Analysis of covariance patterns predicting perceptual speed, episodic memory, fluid reasoning, and vocabulary in 346 participants (ages 20-79).
  • Testing of age-independent and indirect age-related effects of WM integrity on cognition.

Main Results:

  • Distinct WM covariance patterns significantly predicted perceptual speed, episodic memory, and fluid reasoning, controlling for age.
  • These WM patterns mediated the effect of age on their respective cognitive abilities.
  • WM tracts contributing to fluid reasoning and episodic memory patterns varied in number and influence.

Conclusions:

  • Specific white matter tract patterns are significantly associated with age-related differences in perceptual speed, episodic memory, and fluid reasoning.
  • White matter integrity does not appear to significantly influence age-related changes in vocabulary ability.
  • Further research into other brain health measures is needed to understand influences on vocabulary.