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Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 31, 2026

Infant Auditory Processing and Event-related Brain Oscillations

Infant Auditory Processing and Event-related Brain Oscillations

Published on: July 1, 2015

Prolonged auditory brainstem responses in infants with autism.

Oren Miron^1,2,3, Daphne Ari-Even Roth^4,5, Lidia V Gabis⁶

¹Department of Psychology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel.

Autism Research : Official Journal of the International Society for Autism Research

|October 20, 2015

Summary

Auditory brainstem response (ABR) latencies are prolonged in infants who later develop autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This early neurophysiological difference may help identify ASD risk in infants, irrespective of hearing ability.

Keywords:

auditory brainstem response autism spectrum disorder hearing

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Developmental Pediatrics
Audiology

Background:

Early identification of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is crucial for timely intervention.
Auditory brainstem response (ABR) measures neurophysiological function in response to sound.
Previous research suggests prolonged ABR latencies in children with ASD.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate if prolonged ABR latencies are present in infancy before ASD diagnosis.
To determine if ABR differences are detectable irrespective of hearing thresholds.
To assess the potential of ABR as an early biomarker for ASD risk.

Main Methods:

Retrospective analysis of clinical ABR recordings from infants later diagnosed with ASD.
Comparison of ABR latencies in infants (0-3 months) and toddlers (1.5-3.5 years) with and without ASD.
Exclusion of participants with elevated ABR thresholds or genetic aberrations.

Main Results:

Significantly prolonged ABR wave-V latencies were observed in infants who later developed ASD compared to controls.
Classification accuracy for identifying infants who would develop ASD was 80% specificity and 70% sensitivity.
Prolonged absolute and interpeak latencies were found in toddlers with ASD compared to clinical norms.

Conclusions:

Prolonged ABR latencies are detectable in infancy, prior to ASD diagnosis and independent of hearing status.
ABR may serve as an early neurophysiological marker for identifying infants at risk for ASD.
Further research is warranted to validate ABR as a reliable biomarker for early ASD detection.