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Needlestick Injuries in Agriculture Workers and Prevention Programs.

Minden L Buswell1, Mary Hourigan1, André J Nault2

  • 1a Center for Animal Health and Food Safety , University of Minnesota , St. Paul , Minnesota , USA.

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|October 20, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Needlestick injuries (NSI) from veterinary products pose significant risks to agricultural workers and veterinarians. This review highlights the need for enhanced NSI prevention education and strategies in animal agriculture settings.

Keywords:
Accident preventionagricultural workersnational institute for occupational safety and health (NIOSH)needlestick injuriesoccupational exposuresoccupational hazardsoccupational injuriesveterinarians

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Medicine
  • Occupational Health
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Animal agriculture utilizes various biologics, vaccines, antibiotics, and hormones.
  • Accidental exposure to these veterinary pharmaceuticals can lead to severe human injuries, including needlestick injuries (NSI).
  • Existing research and educational programs for NSI prevention among veterinarians and agricultural workers are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review published case reports and case series on human NSI from veterinary biologics.
  • To summarize NSI prevention strategies pertinent to agricultural workers and veterinarians.
  • To identify common veterinary products associated with NSI and their outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • A comprehensive literature search was conducted in PubMed and CABI databases.
  • Relevant articles, including case reports, surveys, and prevention documents, were systematically reviewed.
  • Data on case patient demographics, injury specifics, treatments, and outcomes were extracted and analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Fifty-nine case patients with NSI from veterinary products were identified.
  • Hands and legs were the most common injury locations, with 67% and 28% of cases, respectively.
  • Oil-adjuvant vaccines were implicated in 34% of cases, and 34% of patients required hospitalization, with a median stay of 3 days. Surgical intervention was reported in 25 cases, and 14 patients experienced residual sequelae.

Conclusions:

  • Needlestick injuries in agricultural settings can result in significant morbidity, including the need for hospitalization and surgery, and can lead to long-term health issues.
  • Oil-adjuvant vaccines and specific veterinary products are frequently associated with severe NSI.
  • There is a critical need for comprehensive and varied educational programs to improve NSI prevention among agricultural workers and veterinarians to mitigate risks in livestock operations.