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Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing
Published on: January 24, 2020
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Do negative views of aging influence memory and auditory performance through self-perceived abilities?
Alison L Chasteen1, M Kathleen Pichora-Fuller1, Kate Dupuis1
1Department of Psychology, University of Toronto.
Psychology and Aging
|October 20, 2015
Summary
Older adults' negative views on aging impact their hearing and memory performance by lowering self-perceptions. Hearing ability also influences memory, highlighting the importance of positive aging perspectives.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Cognitive Psychology
- Audiology
Background:
- Memory and hearing are crucial for older adults' daily functioning and social engagement.
- The influence of social factors like aging views and self-perceived abilities on these domains requires further investigation.
- Existing research has not concurrently examined these interconnected factors within a single cohort of older adults.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationships between views of aging, self-perceived abilities, and performance in memory and hearing among older adults.
- To test a model where negative views of aging influence memory and hearing performance via self-perceived abilities.
- To explore the bidirectional influence between hearing and memory, and the impact of aging views on self-perceptions.
Main Methods:
- A sample of 301 older adults participated in the study.
- Participants completed assessments of their views on aging, self-perceived abilities, and behavioral tests for memory and hearing.
- Structural equation modeling was employed to analyze the hypothesized relationships.
Main Results:
- A model where negative views of aging predicted lower self-perceived abilities and subsequent poorer performance in memory and hearing was supported.
- An alternative model indicating that hearing performance predicts self-perceived hearing abilities was also supported.
- Hearing performance was found to influence memory performance (both behavioral and self-perceived), and negative aging views affected self-perceptions in both domains.
Conclusions:
- Views of aging significantly impact older adults' self-perceptions and performance in both memory and hearing domains.
- Hearing ability is a significant factor influencing memory, underscoring the interconnectedness of sensory and cognitive functions in aging.
- Interventions aimed at improving older adults' views on aging may positively affect their self-perceptions and functional abilities.
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