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End-pumped temperature-dependent passively Q-switched lasers.

Mingming Nie, Qiang Liu, Encai Ji

|October 20, 2015

Summary

Increasing laser crystal boundary temperature enhances pulse energy and reduces pulse width in passively Q-switched lasers. This study investigates Nd:YAG/Cr:YAG and Nd:YVO4 lasers, revealing significant performance improvements with heating.

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Area of Science:

Laser Physics
Materials Science

Background:

Passively Q-switched lasers are crucial for various applications requiring high-intensity pulses.
Understanding the impact of thermal management on laser performance is essential for optimizing output characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effect of increasing boundary temperature on pulse energy and pulse width in two types of end-pumped passively Q-switched lasers.
To compare the thermal performance of Nd:YAG/Cr:YAG and Nd:YVO4 lasers with Cr:YAG saturable absorbers.
To develop and apply an improved theoretical model for analyzing thermal effects in Nd:YVO4 lasers.

Main Methods:

Experimental comparison of pulse parameters (energy, width) at varying boundary temperatures for Nd:YAG/Cr:YAG and Nd:YVO4 passively Q-switched lasers.
Utilizing a Cr:YAG saturable absorber in both laser configurations.
Developing an enhanced theoretical model based on rate equations to analyze thermal effects.

Main Results:

For Nd:YAG/Cr:YAG lasers, pulse energy increased from 12.4 to 21 μJ (1 kHz) and pulse width decreased by 1.2 times as temperature rose from 20°C to 120°C.
For Nd:YVO4/Cr:YAG lasers, pulse energy increased from 5.45 to 24.5 μJ (100 Hz) and pulse width decreased by 2.4 times as temperature rose from 26°C to 113°C.
The improved rate equation model effectively analyzed the significant pulse energy variations in the Nd:YVO4 laser due to heating.

Conclusions:

Increasing the boundary temperature of the laser crystal is an effective method to enhance pulse energy and reduce pulse width in passively Q-switched lasers.
Nd:YVO4 lasers exhibit a more pronounced response to thermal variations compared to Nd:YAG lasers under similar conditions.
The developed theoretical model provides valuable insights into the thermal dynamics of passively Q-switched lasers, aiding in performance optimization.