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Magnetic Resonance Imaging01:24

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Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a noninvasive medical imaging technique based on a phenomenon of nuclear physics discovered in the 1930s, in which matter exposed to magnetic fields and radio waves was found to emit radio signals. In 1970, a physician and researcher named Raymond Damadian noticed that malignant (cancerous) tissue gave off different signals than normal body tissue. He applied for a patent for the first MRI scanning device in clinical use by the early 1980s. The early MRI...
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Realistic analytical polyhedral MRI phantoms.

Tri M Ngo1, George S K Fung2, Shuo Han1

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
|October 20, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Polyhedral analytical phantoms accurately represent complex biomedical shapes for MRI simulations. This advancement overcomes limitations of existing models, enabling more precise imaging analysis and development.

Keywords:
Fourier transformanalytical phantommagnetic resonance imagingsimulation

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Area of Science:

  • Medical Imaging
  • Computational Phantoms
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)

Background:

  • Analytical phantoms with closed-form Fourier transform expressions are crucial for simulating MRI acquisitions.
  • Existing three-dimensional (3D) analytical phantoms lack the ability to accurately model complex biomedical shapes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate that polyhedral analytical phantoms possess closed-form Fourier transform expressions.
  • To show that polyhedral phantoms can accurately represent 3D biomedical shapes for MRI simulations.

Main Methods:

  • Implemented the Fourier transform of a polyhedron to characterize its accuracy for faceted and smooth surfaces.
  • Constructed realistic anthropomorphic polyhedral brain and torso phantoms.
  • Described the use of these phantoms in simulated 3D and two-dimensional (2D) MRI acquisitions.

Main Results:

  • Computed the Fourier transform of faceted shapes using polyhedra with machine precision.
  • Approximated smooth surfaces with increasing accuracy by increasing the number of facets, maintaining small numerical imprecision.
  • Simulated 3D and 2D brain and 2D torso cine acquisitions yielded realistic reconstructions without high-frequency edge aliasing, unlike voxelized/rasterized phantoms.

Conclusions:

  • Analytical polyhedral phantoms are easily constructed.
  • They accurately simulate diverse shapes of biomedical interest for MRI.
  • This approach enhances the fidelity of MRI simulations.