Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Pharmacokinetics: Drug–Drug Interactions01:25

Pharmacokinetics: Drug–Drug Interactions

675
Drug interactions occur when the pharmacological effect of one drug is altered by another substance, either enhancing or diminishing its activity. The drug whose activity is altered is known as the object drug, and the substance causing the alteration is called the agent drug or the precipitant. The net effects of these interactions are mostly undesirable, leading to decreased effectiveness or increased adverse effects. In rare cases, interactions can be beneficial, such as the enhanced...
675
Multimachine Stability01:25

Multimachine Stability

624
Multimachine stability analysis is crucial for understanding the dynamics and stability of power systems with multiple synchronous machines. The objective is to solve the swing equations for a network of M machines connected to an N-bus power system.
In analyzing the system, the nodal equations represent the relationship between bus voltages, machine voltages, and machine currents. The nodal equation is given by:
624
Multicompartment Models: Overview01:14

Multicompartment Models: Overview

701
Multicompartment models are mathematical constructs that depict how drugs are distributed and eliminated within the body. They segment the body into several compartments, symbolizing various physiological or anatomical areas connected through drug transfer processes such as absorption, metabolism, distribution, and elimination.
These models offer a more comprehensive representation of drug behavior in the body than one-compartment models. They accommodate the complexity of drug distribution,...
701
Drug toxicity: Drug–Drug Interaction01:30

Drug toxicity: Drug–Drug Interaction

337
Drug–drug interactions can precipitate toxicity through multiple mechanisms. Absorption interactions alter how drugs enter the body, exemplified when ranitidine increases the absorption of basic drugs, while cholestyramine decreases the levels of propranolol. Protein binding interactions occur when drugs share the same binding sites on plasma proteins. Drugs like aspirin and warfarin, when bound in excess, can lead to increased free drug concentrations, enhancing the potential for...
337
Combined Effects of Drugs: Antagonism01:30

Combined Effects of Drugs: Antagonism

12.3K
The combined effects of drugs can result in various interactions, of which an important type is antagonism. Antagonism is a mechanism where one drug inhibits or counteracts the effects of another drug. Antagonism can occur through various means, including receptor binding, allosteric modulation, functional interaction, chemical reactions, and pharmacokinetic processes.
The most common type is receptor antagonism, where one drug acts as an antagonist to block the effects of another drug by...
12.3K
Microbial Interactions: Mutualism01:25

Microbial Interactions: Mutualism

38
Mutualism is a symbiotic interaction in which all participating organisms benefit. These relationships can be obligate or facultative and are fundamental to ecosystem functions across diverse biological systems.Plant–Fungi MutualismOne well-known example is the association between plant roots and mycorrhizal fungi, such as Rhizophagus species. The fungal hyphae penetrate the root hairs and the epidermis, forming an extensive hyphal network that establishes a symbiotic association. Through...
38

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Conflict adaptation in a confound-minimized face-word Stroop task: exploring the potential settings of an fMRI-related experiment.

Frontiers in psychology·2026
Same author

The asymmetric list shift effect - flexible adaptation to new context demands?

Attention, perception & psychophysics·2026
Same author

Is multitasking efficient? Different metrics, different conclusions.

Psychological research·2026
Same author

Harmonizing the stimulation dose of focal transcranial direct current stimulation across target sites.

NeuroImage·2026
Same author

Task switching promotes switch readiness: Evidence from forced and voluntary task switching.

Cognition·2026
Same author

When meaning doesn't matter, but location does: the effect of stimulus-hand proximity on conflict processing in the auditory modality.

Psychological research·2025
Same journal

Human thermal sensitivity drifts at extreme temperatures.

Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance·2026
Same journal

Dynamic competition between selective attention and spatial prediction during visual search.

Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance·2026
Same journal

Encapsulation of the visual perception of social events from semantic priming.

Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance·2026
Same journal

Biasmapping: Idiosyncratic covert search in the vicinity of fixation.

Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance·2026
Same journal

What are you still waiting for? Fricative recognition shows encapsulated processing and is partially predicted by secondary cue reliance.

Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance·2026
Same journal

Eye movements reveal that drivers can predict the location of hazards in dynamic road scenes but gaze and awareness are dissociable.

Journal of experimental psychology. Human perception and performance·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 31, 2026

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions
10:38

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions

Published on: July 16, 2015

14.2K

Predicting high levels of multitasking reduces between-tasks interactions.

Rico Fischer1, Gesine Dreisbach2

  • 1Department of Psychology.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. Human Perception and Performance
|October 20, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Cognitive control shields primary tasks from secondary task interference. Specific cues predicting temporal overlap, not conflict, effectively reduce this interference, enhancing task performance.

More Related Videos

Using Rapid Serial Visual Presentation to Measure Set-Specific Capture, a Consequence of Distraction While Multitasking
05:58

Using Rapid Serial Visual Presentation to Measure Set-Specific Capture, a Consequence of Distraction While Multitasking

Published on: August 29, 2018

9.4K
Task Interruption and Resumption Paradigm for Testing the Activation and Pursuit of an Abstract Thinking Goal
06:45

Task Interruption and Resumption Paradigm for Testing the Activation and Pursuit of an Abstract Thinking Goal

Published on: April 18, 2017

6.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 31, 2026

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions
10:38

A Cognitive Paradigm to Investigate Interference in Working Memory by Distractions and Interruptions

Published on: July 16, 2015

14.2K
Using Rapid Serial Visual Presentation to Measure Set-Specific Capture, a Consequence of Distraction While Multitasking
05:58

Using Rapid Serial Visual Presentation to Measure Set-Specific Capture, a Consequence of Distraction While Multitasking

Published on: August 29, 2018

9.4K
Task Interruption and Resumption Paradigm for Testing the Activation and Pursuit of an Abstract Thinking Goal
06:45

Task Interruption and Resumption Paradigm for Testing the Activation and Pursuit of an Abstract Thinking Goal

Published on: April 18, 2017

6.7K

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Human attention research

Background:

  • Simultaneous task performance necessitates shielding the primary task (T1) from secondary task (T2) interference.
  • Inter-task interference, or crosstalk, is exacerbated by task similarity and temporal overlap.
  • Existing research focuses on predicting conflict levels, but the role of temporal proximity cues is less understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if between-task interference can be mitigated by cues predicting temporal proximity rather than conflict.
  • To examine how item-specific temporal overlap (stimulus onset asynchrony [SOA]) influences cognitive control mechanisms.
  • To determine if predicting temporal overlap adjusts the shielding of the primary task.

Main Methods:

  • Implemented an item-specific proportion manipulation of temporal task overlap (SOA) in a dual-task paradigm.
  • T1 stimuli were designed to predict either high temporal overlap (short SOAs) or low temporal overlap (long SOAs) in 80% of trials.
  • Measured the degree of T1 shielding in response to these predictive cues.

Main Results:

  • T1 stimuli predicting high temporal overlap led to significantly reduced interference from T2 compared to those predicting low overlap.
  • Task shielding was modulated by the predictive value of T1 stimuli regarding temporal proximity (SOA).
  • Shielding was initiated based on predicted interaction likelihood (SOA), not predicted conflict level (response compatibility).

Conclusions:

  • Cognitive control can be specifically regulated by cues predicting the degree of temporal overlap between tasks.
  • Predicting temporal proximity, rather than conflict, is an effective strategy for reducing inter-task interference.
  • Findings highlight the role of contextual, bottom-up mechanisms in regulating cognitive control during dual-tasking.