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Related Experiment Videos

Increasing rates of depression.

G L Klerman1, M M Weissman

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, Cornell University Medical College, Payne Whitney Psychiatric Clinic, New York, NY 10021.

JAMA
|April 21, 1989
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

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Major depression rates are increasing in younger populations, particularly among men, and show significant gender and family risk factors. These trends vary globally, impacting etiology and clinical practice.

Area of Science:

  • Psychiatry
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Recent large-scale studies indicate significant temporal shifts in major depression rates.
  • These changes include increased incidence in post-WWII birth cohorts and an earlier age of onset.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze temporal trends in major depression rates.
  • To identify demographic and familial risk factors associated with these trends.
  • To examine geographical variations in depression incidence.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of large epidemiologic and family studies.
  • Utilized comparable methodologies and modern diagnostic criteria across studies.
  • Cross-national comparison of depression rates.

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Main Results:

  • Increased depression rates observed in cohorts born after World War II.
  • A decrease in the age of onset, particularly in late teens and early adulthood.
  • Higher risk consistently found in women and first-degree relatives.
  • A potential narrowing of the gender risk gap due to increased rates in young men.
  • Trends observed in the US, Sweden, Germany, Canada, and New Zealand, but not in Korea, Puerto Rico, or among Mexican-Americans.

Conclusions:

  • Observed cohort changes in depression are not solely due to reporting or diagnostic artifacts.
  • These trends have significant implications for understanding the etiology of depression.
  • Findings necessitate adjustments in clinical practice and public health strategies for mood disorders.