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Cavity enhanced atomic magnetometry.

Herbert Crepaz1,2, Li Yuan Ley1,2, Rainer Dumke1,2

  • 1Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117543.

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We developed a cavity-enhanced all-optical magnetometer using Faraday rotation. This method improves sensitivity and allows the use of conventional spherical cells for atomic sensing.

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Area of Science:

  • Atomic physics
  • Quantum sensing
  • Optical magnetometry

Background:

  • Faraday rotation is a key technique for atomic sensing in both hot and cold atomic systems.
  • Previous atomic magnetometers often required specialized multipass optical cells.
  • Conventional spherical cells offer advantages for spin coherence but have not been widely used in cavity-enhanced setups.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate an all-optical magnetometer utilizing Faraday rotation enhanced by a low finesse optical cavity.
  • To show that conventional spherical vapor cells can be effectively used with cavity enhancement.
  • To improve the sensitivity and performance of atomic magnetometers.

Main Methods:

  • Implementing Faraday rotation spectroscopy within a low finesse optical cavity.
  • Utilizing conventional, spherical atomic vapor cells coated with spin relaxation suppressing layers.
  • Comparing the performance of the cavity-enhanced system to single-pass configurations.

Main Results:

  • The cavity enhancement significantly increased optical polarization rotation.
  • The sensitivity of the magnetometer was substantially improved compared to single-pass methods.
  • The use of coated spherical cells enabled long spin coherence times without buffer gas.

Conclusions:

  • Cavity enhancement is a viable and effective method for improving all-optical magnetometers based on Faraday rotation.
  • This approach simplifies the optical cell requirements, allowing the use of conventional spherical cells.
  • The developed technique offers a promising pathway for enhanced precision measurements in atomic sensing.