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A drug interaction occurs when the concurrent use of another drug, food, or an external substance alters the pharmacological activity of a drug. This interaction can modify the action of the original drug, affecting its effectiveness and safety.Drug–food interactions are significant as they impact drug absorption, metabolism, and excretion. For example, grapefruit juice is a well-known disruptor of drug metabolism. It inhibits the cytochrome P450 3A4 enzyme, crucial for the metabolism of...
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Adverse food-drug interactions.

Alie de Boer1, Florence van Hunsel2, Aalt Bast1

  • 1Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Health Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.

Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology : RTP
|October 21, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Consumers face risks from interactions between herbal products and prescribed drugs. Understanding bioactive substances and their effects is crucial for preventing adverse drug reactions.

Keywords:
Adverse interactionsBioactivesEuropean legislationFood lawFood supplementsHealth enhancing productsMedicinal productsWellness

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Area of Science:

  • Pharmacovigilance
  • Drug Metabolism
  • Herbal Medicine Interactions

Background:

  • Increasing consumer use of food supplements and herbal products poses risks of drug interactions.
  • Bioactive ingredients in these products can interact with prescribed medications.
  • Adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are a growing concern due to concomitant use.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To present an overview of suspected drug interactions involving health products and prescribed medications.
  • To describe the potential mechanisms of action underlying these interactions.
  • To highlight the need for increased molecular knowledge and clearer legislation.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 55 reported cases of suspected adverse drug reactions from Lareb (Netherlands Pharmacovigilance Centre) between 1991 and 2014.
  • Review of potential interaction mechanisms, focusing on xenobiotic metabolism and pharmacodynamics.
  • Examination of the legislative landscape concerning food, medicine, and bioactive products.

Main Results:

  • 55 cases of suspected adverse drug reactions were reported.
  • Interactions primarily occur during drug metabolism (xenobiotics) and via pharmacodynamic effects.
  • Legislative distinctions between food and medicine are less clear for bioactive products.

Conclusions:

  • Increased molecular understanding of bioactive substances is essential for predicting and preventing interactions.
  • Greater awareness among health professionals and consumers regarding dietary patterns and bioactive substance use with medications is needed.
  • Preventing interactive adverse effects requires a comprehensive approach considering both medication and supplement intake.