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Radioprotective effect of mefenamic acid against radiation-induced genotoxicity in human lymphocytes

Seyed Jalal Hosseinimehr1, Reyhaneh Nobakht1, Arash Ghasemi2

  • 1Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.

Radiation Oncology Journal
|October 21, 2015
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Mefenamic acid (MEF) shows radioprotective effects against ionizing radiation in human lymphocytes. MEF significantly reduced radiation-induced DNA damage, with optimal protection observed at 100 µM concentration.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Radiation Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Mefenamic acid (MEF) is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug.
  • Ionizing radiation induces inflammation, DNA damage, and cell death.
  • Investigating radioprotective agents is crucial for mitigating radiation effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the radioprotective potential of MEF against genotoxicity induced by ionizing radiation.
  • To assess the effect of MEF on DNA damage in human blood lymphocytes exposed to radiation.

Main Methods:

  • Human peripheral blood lymphocytes were treated with varying concentrations of MEF (5–100 µM).
  • The treated blood samples were exposed to 1.5 Gy of ionizing radiation.
  • Micronuclei formation in binucleated lymphocytes was analyzed to quantify DNA damage.

Main Results:

  • MEF treatment significantly decreased the frequency of radiation-induced micronuclei in lymphocytes.
  • A dose-dependent protective effect was observed, with 100 µM MEF showing the maximum reduction (38%).
  • MEF demonstrated significant radioprotective efficacy against ionizing radiation-induced genotoxicity.

Conclusions:

  • MEF exhibits significant radioprotective properties in human lymphocytes.
  • The anti-inflammatory action of MEF likely contributes to its radioprotective effect.
  • MEF is a potential candidate for mitigating radiation-induced DNA damage.
Keywords:
DNA damageMefenamic acidMicronucleus testRadiation-protective agents

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