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Auditory Pathway

Auditory Pathway

Auditory pathways constitute the complex neural circuits responsible for transmitting and interpreting auditory information from the peripheral auditory system to the brain. Sound waves are initially captured by the outer ear, funneled through the ear canal, and reach the tympanic membrane (eardrum). These vibrations are transmitted via the middle ear's ossicles to the inner ear's cochlea.
When viewed cross-sectionally, the cochlea reveals the scala vestibuli and scala tympani flanking...

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Data Acquisition and Analysis In Brainstem Evoked Response Audiometry In Mice

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Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potential in HIV-Positive Adults.

Carla Gentile Matas¹, Alessandra Giannella Samelli¹, Rosanna Giaffredo Angrisani¹

¹Department of Physical Therapy, Speech-language Pathology and Audiology, and Occupational Therapy, School of Medicine (FMUSP), University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Medical Science Monitor : International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research

|October 21, 2015

Summary

HIV-positive individuals show more brainstem auditory evoked potential alterations, indicating central auditory pathway issues. Antiretroviral treatment exposure did not significantly impact these brainstem auditory evoked potential findings.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Audiology
Infectious Diseases

Background:

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection can affect the central nervous system.
Antiretroviral treatment (ART) is standard care for HIV, but its long-term effects on auditory pathways are not fully understood.
Brainstem Auditory Evoked Potential (BAEP) is a neurophysiological test assessing the integrity of the auditory pathway from the cochlea to the brainstem.

Purpose of the Study:

To characterize BAEP findings in HIV-positive individuals.
To compare BAEP in HIV-positive individuals exposed versus not exposed to ART.
To assess for central auditory pathway dysfunction in HIV-positive individuals.

Main Methods:

Cross-sectional, observational, and descriptive study design.
BAEP assessment in 45 HIV-positive individuals (18 not exposed to ART, 27 exposed to ART) and 30 HIV-negative controls.
Analysis of wave latencies and percentage of altered BAEP results.

Main Results:

No significant differences in wave latencies between HIV-positive groups (exposed vs. not exposed to ART) and controls.
A higher percentage of altered BAEP was found in HIV-positive individuals compared to controls.
The most frequent BAEP alterations were observed in the low brainstem region.

Conclusions:

HIV-positive individuals exhibit a higher prevalence of altered BAEP, suggesting central auditory pathway impairment.
ART exposure did not show a significant impact on BAEP findings in this cohort.
BAEP alterations in HIV-positive individuals highlight the need for audiological monitoring.