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Vitamin D Supplementation Decreases TGF-β1 Bioavailability in PCOS: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Mohamad Irani1, David B Seifer1, Richard V Grazi1

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The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
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Vitamin D (VD) supplementation in women with PCOS improved menstrual regularity and reduced hirsutism. This treatment also decreased transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) bioavailability, suggesting a new therapeutic approach for PCOS.

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Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Reproductive Medicine
  • Metabolic Disorders

Background:

  • Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with increased transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) bioavailability.
  • Vitamin D (VD) supplementation is known to improve PCOS manifestations and reduce TGF-β1 levels in other conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the effect of VD supplementation on TGF-β1 bioavailability in VD-deficient women with PCOS.
  • To determine if changes in TGF-β1/soluble endoglin (sENG) correlate with PCOS symptom improvement.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trial involving 68 VD-deficient women with PCOS.
  • Intervention: 8 weeks of weekly oral vitamin D3 (50,000 IU) or placebo.
  • Measurements included serum TGF-β1, sENG, lipid profile, hormones, and insulin resistance.

Main Results:

  • VD supplementation normalized VD levels and significantly decreased the TGF-β1 to sENG ratio.
  • Improvements observed in menstrual cycle length, Ferriman-Gallwey scores, and triglyceride levels.
  • The decrease in the TGF-β1/sENG ratio positively correlated with triglyceride reduction.

Conclusions:

  • VD supplementation effectively reduces TGF-β1 bioavailability in VD-deficient women with PCOS.
  • This reduction correlates with improvements in key clinical PCOS parameters.
  • Findings suggest a novel mechanism for VD's benefits in PCOS and support exploring anti-TGF-β therapies.