Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

9.0K
Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
9.0K
Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

6.7K
The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
6.7K
The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

8.6K
The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
8.6K
Adrenal Gland Disorders01:27

Adrenal Gland Disorders

3.9K
Adrenal gland disorders manifest when the production of adrenal hormones deviates from the norm, resulting in either excessive or insufficient concentrations.
Adrenal insufficiency, characterized by insufficient cortisol and aldosterone production, leads to conditions like Addison's disease. This disorder, affecting the adrenal cortex, exhibits symptoms such as skin bronzing, dehydration, low blood pressure, fatigue, and weight loss. Congenital adrenal hyperplasia, a genetic ailment causing...
3.9K
Teratogenicity01:07

Teratogenicity

4.5K
The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
4.5K
Pathophysiology of Diabetes01:20

Pathophysiology of Diabetes

4.4K
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia. The four categories of diabetes are type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, other specific types of diabetes, and gestational diabetes.
Type 1 diabetes is characterized by autoimmune-mediated destruction of pancreatic β cells, with environmental factors potentially triggering this process in genetically susceptible individuals. Despite many not having a family history, certain genes increase susceptibility,...
4.4K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

In Memoriam: Lawrence Crane Wood (1935-2026).

Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association·2026
Same author

Rethinking paracorporeal lung assist device support in the modern era: Why so different than ECMO?

The Journal of heart and lung transplantation : the official publication of the International Society for Heart Transplantation·2026
Same author

In Memoriam: Lawrence Crane Wood (1935-2026).

Thyroid : official journal of the American Thyroid Association·2026
Same author

Kidney and blood pressure sequelae after pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: a secondary analysis of the Kidney Injury During Membrane Oxygenation pediatric ECMO cohort.

Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany)·2026
Same author

Endocrine Effects of Arginine-Vasopressin After Pediatric Cardiac Surgery.

Pediatric cardiology·2025
Same author

Increased utilisation of analgesia and sedation in patients following bidirectional Glenn: evidence for the "Glenn Headache"?

Cardiology in the young·2025
Same journal

Management of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy.

Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology·2026
Same journal

Updates in group prenatal care research.

Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology·2026
Same journal

Complex benign gynecology in perimenopause: current evidence and future directions.

Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology·2026
Same journal

Role of insulin in female reproduction.

Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology·2026
Same journal

Urinary tract involvement in endometriosis: current evidence and clinical insights into navigating diagnosis and management.

Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology·2026
Same journal

Updates in ultrasound imaging of adenomyosis and clinical impacts.

Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 31, 2026

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
04:39

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model

Published on: March 17, 2023

2.7K

Thyroid disorders in pregnancy.

Swaytha Yalamanchi1, David S Cooper

  • 1Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Current Opinion in Obstetrics & Gynecology
|October 21, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Managing thyroid disease in pregnancy is complex. While overt hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism require treatment, guidelines for subclinical cases and screening remain debated for maternal and fetal health.

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Integrating Ultrasound Imaging with Biochemical Markers for Thyroid Disease Diagnosis
05:41

Author Spotlight: Integrating Ultrasound Imaging with Biochemical Markers for Thyroid Disease Diagnosis

Published on: February 9, 2024

1.2K
Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model
04:14

Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model

Published on: October 6, 2023

1.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Mar 31, 2026

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
04:39

Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model

Published on: March 17, 2023

2.7K
Author Spotlight: Integrating Ultrasound Imaging with Biochemical Markers for Thyroid Disease Diagnosis
05:41

Author Spotlight: Integrating Ultrasound Imaging with Biochemical Markers for Thyroid Disease Diagnosis

Published on: February 9, 2024

1.2K
Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model
04:14

Author Spotlight: In Vivo Assessment of Thyroid Hormone Disruption Using the THAI Mouse Model

Published on: October 6, 2023

1.4K

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Obstetrics
  • Reproductive Medicine

Background:

  • Thyroid disease in pregnancy presents diagnostic and management challenges.
  • Conflicting recommendations exist among professional organizations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current literature on diagnosing and managing thyroid dysfunction during pregnancy.
  • To discuss controversies in treatment and screening protocols.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of gestational hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism.
  • Discussion of postpartum thyroiditis, nodules, and cancer.

Main Results:

  • Overt hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism in pregnancy necessitate treatment.
  • Controversy persists regarding treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism and antibody-positive euthyroid states.
  • Debate continues on universal screening for thyroid disease in pregnant individuals.

Conclusions:

  • Effective management of thyroid disorders is crucial for maternal and fetal well-being.
  • Particular attention should be paid to hypothyroidism and thyrotoxicosis during pregnancy.