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Related Concept Videos

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Related Experiment Video

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CD39 Expression Identifies Terminally Exhausted CD8+ T Cells.

Prakash K Gupta1, Jernej Godec2, David Wolski3

  • 1Department of Pediatric Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America; Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.

Plos Pathogens
|October 21, 2015
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

CD39 is identified as a novel marker for exhausted CD8+ T cells in chronic viral infections like HIV and HCV. This finding suggests the purinergic pathway plays a role in T cell exhaustion.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Virology
  • Cellular Biology

Background:

  • Exhausted T cells exhibit impaired function due to co-inhibitory molecules, limiting immune responses against chronic viral infections.
  • Identifying novel markers for T cell exhaustion is crucial for understanding and potentially reversing this state.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify novel markers of T cell exhaustion.
  • To investigate the role of CD39 as a potential marker for exhausted CD8+ T cells in chronic viral infections.

Main Methods:

  • Flow cytometry to analyze CD39 expression on CD8+ T cells.
  • Transcriptional profiling to assess T cell exhaustion signatures.
  • Analysis of CD39 expression in relation to viral load in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) infections.
  • Utilizing a mouse model of chronic Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus (LCMV) infection.

Main Results:

  • CD39 is highly expressed on CD8+ T cells specific for chronic infections like HCV and HIV, but not for Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) or Cytomegalovirus (CMV).
  • Enzymatically active CD39 on CD8+ T cells in chronic infection co-expresses with PD-1 and correlates with viral load.
  • A CD39high CD8+ T cell population exhibiting terminal exhaustion markers was identified in a mouse model of chronic LCMV infection.

Conclusions:

  • CD39 serves as a novel marker for exhausted CD8+ T cells in chronic viral infections.
  • The findings implicate the purinergic pathway in the regulation of T cell exhaustion.