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Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae in Children, United States, 1999-2012

Latania K Logan, John P Renschler, Sumanth Gandra

    Emerging Infectious Diseases
    |October 22, 2015
    PubMed

    Insights

    Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) infections are rising in US children, though still rare. Increases were noted in Enterobacter species, blood cultures, and ICUs, highlighting the need for molecular studies and prevention strategies.

    Area of Science:

    • Infectious Diseases
    • Microbiology
    • Pediatric Epidemiology

    Background:

    • Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) pose a growing public health threat.
    • Limited data exists on CRE epidemiology specifically within pediatric populations in the United States.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the prevalence and trends of CRE infections in children aged 1-17 years.
    • To identify specific patient groups and isolate types with increasing CRE rates.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of antimicrobial susceptibility data for Enterobacteriaceae isolates from 1999-2012.
    • Utilized The Surveillance Network-USA database, encompassing 300 laboratories.
    • Phenotypic identification of CRE based on established criteria.

    Main Results:

    • Out of 316,253 analyzed isolates, 266 (0.08%) were identified as CRE.
    • CRE infection rates increased significantly in Enterobacter species, blood cultures, and ICU isolates between 1999-2000 and 2011-2012.
    • CRE occurrence in children, while increasing, remained lower than extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae.

    Conclusions:

    • CRE infections in children are increasing but remain uncommon.
    • Further molecular characterization and clinical epidemiology studies are crucial for effective prevention strategies in pediatric populations.

    Keywords:
    CRESurveillance Network–USA databaseUnited Statesantibacterial agentsantimicrobial resistancebacteriacarbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceaechildrenepidemiologyinfectionsβ-lactamases

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