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Basophil Activation Test for Allergy Diagnosis
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Platelet activating factor in allergies.

Krzysztof Pałgan1, Zbigniew Bartuzi2

  • 1The Department of Allergology, Clinical Immunology and Internal Diseases Collegium Medicum Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum of L. Rydygier in Bydgoszcz, Poland palgank@wp.pl.

International Journal of Immunopathology and Pharmacology
|October 22, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a key mediator in inflammatory diseases like anaphylaxis, asthma, and urticaria. This review details PAF's role in these conditions and its effects on mast cells and eosinophils.

Keywords:
anaphylaxisbronchial asthmaplatelet-activating factorurticaria

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Pathophysiology

Background:

  • Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a potent lipid mediator synthesized by various immune and non-immune cells.
  • PAF plays a critical role in mediating inflammatory and thrombotic responses.
  • Its involvement is significant in allergic reactions and cardiovascular diseases.

Discussion:

  • This review examines the specific actions of PAF on mast cells and eosinophils, key players in allergic inflammation.
  • The pathophysiological mechanisms underlying PAF's contribution to anaphylaxis, bronchial asthma, and urticaria are discussed.
  • The correlation between serum PAF levels and the severity of systemic reactions in anaphylaxis is highlighted.

Key Insights:

  • PAF is a crucial mediator in anaphylaxis, with serum levels indicating reaction severity.
  • In asthma, PAF contributes to bronchoconstriction, mucus hypersecretion, and bronchial inflammation.
  • PAF increases capillary permeability, leading to skin reactions like wheals and flare in urticaria.

Outlook:

  • Further research into PAF's intricate signaling pathways could reveal novel therapeutic targets.
  • Understanding PAF's role may lead to improved management strategies for inflammatory and allergic diseases.
  • Investigating PAF antagonists could offer new treatment options for conditions like asthma and urticaria.