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Related Concept Videos

Autoimmune Disorders01:29

Autoimmune Disorders

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Autoimmune diseases are a group of disorders in which the body's immune system mistakenly attacks its own cells, tissues, and organs. This results from an overactive immune response against substances and tissues normally present in the body. Let's delve into the concept and mechanism of autoimmune diseases from an immune system point of view, explore different causes and examples of such diseases, and discuss potential solutions.
Concept and Mechanism of Autoimmune Diseases
The immune...
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Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

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Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
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Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer01:19

Psychoneuroimmunology: Diabetes and Cancer

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Chronic stress has been linked to both the onset and progression of serious health conditions, including Type 2 diabetes and cancer. Type 2 diabetes, a widespread chronic illness, is closely associated with obesity and insulin resistance, both of which often worsen under stress. Studies indicate that men experiencing high levels of chronic stress face a 45% higher risk of developing diabetes compared to those with minimal stress. Stress triggers physiological responses that elevate blood...
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The Thyroid Gland01:23

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The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
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Mechanisms of Retrovirus-induced Cancers01:51

Mechanisms of Retrovirus-induced Cancers

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Retroviruses are RNA viruses that have been shown to cause cancers in diverse species, including chickens, mice, cats, and monkeys. The RNA genomes of these viruses are first reverse-transcribed into single and then double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) copies. This dsDNA called proviral DNA then integrates into the host genome. Subsequently, the host cell transcribes the proviral DNA in concert with the chromosomal DNA. This leads to the production of viral RNA and proteins that assemble at the host...
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Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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Generation of a Mouse Spontaneous Autoimmune Thyroiditis Model
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[Autoimmune thyroiditis and thyroid cancer].

Jan Krátký, Jan Jiskra

    Vnitrni Lekarstvi
    |October 22, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    The link between chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis (CLT) and thyroid cancer is unclear. However, CLT may be a positive prognostic factor for differentiated thyroid cancer, associated with less invasive tumors and lower recurrence risk.

    Keywords:
    antithyroid antibodies - autoimmune thyroiditis - thyroid cancer - thyroid nodule.

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    Area of Science:

    • Endocrinology
    • Oncology
    • Immunology

    Background:

    • The relationship between chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis (CLT) and thyroid cancer is not fully understood.
    • While often found together, CLT's role as a risk factor for thyroid malignancy is debated.
    • This review examines epidemiological and molecular genetics links between CLT and thyroid cancer.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the epidemiological evidence linking chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis (CLT) and thyroid cancer.
    • To explore the molecular genetics connections between these two thyroid conditions.
    • To clarify the potential role of CLT in the development and prognosis of thyroid cancer.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review of epidemiological studies.
    • Analysis of molecular genetics research on shared risk factors and genetic alterations.
    • Synthesis of data on the simultaneous occurrence and associations of CLT and thyroid cancer.

    Main Results:

    • A significant association exists between thyroid cancer and positive anti-thyroglobulin antibodies or histological evidence of CLT.
    • Shared risk factors include female gender, adequate iodine intake, and history of neck radiotherapy.
    • RET/PTC rearrangements are found in both CLT and associated carcinomas, indicating a molecular link.

    Conclusions:

    • Chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis (CLT) is significantly associated with thyroid cancer.
    • CLT appears to be a positive prognostic indicator for differentiated thyroid cancer, linked to less invasive disease and reduced recurrence.
    • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the complex interplay between CLT and thyroid malignancy.