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Polarization-dependent extraordinary optical transmission from upconversion nanoparticles.

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Gold nanoantennas coupled with nanoslits enhance upconversion (UC) emission from nanoparticles. This plasmonic enhancement, particularly for red light, offers tunable optical properties for advanced photonic applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Plasmonics
  • Nanophotonics
  • Optical Engineering

Background:

  • Upconversion (UC) emission involves converting lower-energy photons to higher-energy ones, crucial for various optical technologies.
  • Noble metal nanostructures, like gold, can manipulate light at the nanoscale through surface plasmon resonances.
  • Coupling plasmonic structures with optical emitters can enhance light-matter interactions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate enhanced upconversion emission using gold double antenna nanoparticles integrated with gold nanoslits.
  • To investigate the influence of polarization-dependent extraordinary optical transmission on UC emission.
  • To explore the underlying mechanisms of plasmonic enhancement in UC nanoparticles.

Main Methods:

  • Experimental fabrication and characterization of gold double antenna nanoparticles and nanoslit arrays.
  • Coupling UC nanoparticles (NaYF4:Yb(3+)/Er(3+)) with the gold nanostructures.
  • Optical excitation using a 980 nm diode laser and measurement of transmitted UC emission spectra (red at ~665 nm, green at ~550 nm).
  • Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations to model plasmonic interactions.

Main Results:

  • Significant enhancement of red UC emission (~665 nm) relative to green emission (~550 nm) was observed.
  • Maximum UC enhancement of 6-fold was achieved with nanoslit arrays alone.
  • Integration of double nanoantennas within nanoslits resulted in 2- to 4-fold UC enhancement.
  • Enhancement was tunable via polarization-dependent extraordinary optical transmission modes.

Conclusions:

  • Gold double antenna nanoparticles coupled to nanoslits effectively enhance UC emission.
  • The enhancement mechanism involves the coupling of surface plasmon modes with cavity Fabry-Perot interactions.
  • This plasmonic enhancement strategy offers tunable optical properties for UC nanoparticles.