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Hemostasis, the process that stops bleeding after a blood vessel injury, is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the circulatory system. However, disorders of hemostasis can disrupt this delicate balance, leading to either excessive clotting or bleeding. These disorders can be broadly classified into thromboembolic disorders and bleeding disorders.
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Blood transfusion is a therapeutic measure to restore the blood volume after extensive blood loss due to an accident or a medical procedure. Blood transfusion involves drawing a certain amount of blood from a suitable donor and infusing it into the recipient.
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Updated: Mar 31, 2026

Pre-Chiasmatic, Single Injection of Autologous Blood to Induce Experimental Subarachnoid Hemorrhage in a Rat Model
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Acute ischemic stroke and abnormal blood hemoglobin concentration.

J C Furlan1,2, J Fang3, F L Silver1,3,4

  • 1Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica
|October 22, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Elevated hemoglobin levels after acute ischemic stroke (AIS) correlate with increased stroke severity, disability, and 30-day mortality. Low hemoglobin is linked to longer hospital stays for AIS patients.

Keywords:
anemiablood hemoglobin concentrationdisabilityimpairmentmortalitypolycythemiastroke

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Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Hematology
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Blood hemoglobin concentration (HGB) is a critical physiological parameter.
  • Its role in the prognosis of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the association between low or high HGB and stroke severity.
  • To evaluate the impact of HGB levels on clinical outcomes and prognosis in AIS patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study using the Ontario Stroke Registry (July 2003-March 2008).
  • Patients with AIS were categorized into low, normal, and high HGB groups.
  • Exclusion criteria included specific medications, comorbidities, and pregnancy.
  • Outcome measures: disability at discharge, mortality at 7, 30, and 90 days, and hospital length of stay.

Main Results:

  • Elevated HGB associated with greater disability at discharge (OR=1.49) and higher 30-day mortality (HR=1.98).
  • Abnormal HGB levels correlated with increased mortality after AIS (P < 0.0001).
  • Low HGB linked to longer hospital stays (OR=1.11); elevated HGB associated with greater neurological deficit on admission (OR=1.45).

Conclusions:

  • Elevated HGB on admission indicates more severe strokes, greater discharge disability, and higher 30-day mortality in AIS.
  • Low HGB on admission is associated with prolonged acute care hospital stays.