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Early verb constructions in French: adjacency on the left edge.

Edy Veneziano1, Eve V Clark2

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Children learning French add grammatical elements to verbs incrementally, starting with subjects and then auxiliaries, supporting the Adjacency Hypothesis for early language acquisition.

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Area of Science:

  • Linguistics
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Psycholinguistics

Background:

  • Early verb constructions in child language acquisition are complex.
  • Understanding the developmental order of morpheme addition is crucial for linguistic theories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To test the Adjacency Hypothesis regarding the incremental addition of morphemes to the left edge of French verbs in young children.
  • To analyze the developmental sequence of subject, modal, and auxiliary placement in early French verb phrases.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 2657 verb uses from four children aged 1;3 to 2;7.
  • Quantitative assessment of morpheme placement relative to core verbs.
  • Examination of the order and frequency of construction development.

Main Results:

  • Children incrementally added morphemes to the left of verbs.
  • Clitic subjects were added first to present tense verbs.
  • Modals were added to infinitives, and auxiliaries to past participles, before subjects were added to modals or auxiliaries.

Conclusions:

  • The findings support the Adjacency Hypothesis for the left-edge development of early verb constructions in French.
  • The study provides empirical evidence for a specific, predictable order in grammatical morpheme acquisition.