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Related Concept Videos

Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

37
Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver.
37
Myocarditis III: Medical Management01:14

Myocarditis III: Medical Management

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Myocarditis: Comprehensive Medical ManagementMyocarditis, the heart muscle inflammation, requires a comprehensive medical management strategy that addresses the underlying cause, provides supportive care, manages symptoms, and reduces cardiac workload.Infections and Autoimmune CausesAdminister appropriate antimicrobial therapy when an infectious agent causes myocarditis. For instance, penicillin treats infections caused by Group A Streptococcus. In cases where autoimmune processes are...
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Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Intermittent IV Infusions01:24

Drug Accumulation During Multiple Dosing: Intermittent IV Infusions

350
Intermittent intravenous (IV) infusion is a method of drug administration where medications are delivered over short infusion periods followed by intervals of no drug delivery. This approach helps to prevent sustained high drug concentrations in the bloodstream, reducing the risk of adverse effects associated with prolonged exposure. Unlike continuous infusion, steady-state concentrations may not be achieved during a single dosing cycle but can be reached through repeated...
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Myocarditis IV: Nursing Management01:22

Myocarditis IV: Nursing Management

359
Myocarditis is an inflammatory condition of the myocardium requiring meticulous nursing management for optimal patient outcomes. Effective management begins with a thorough assessment of the patient's medical history, paying close attention to past infections, autoimmune disorders, travel history, and exposure to toxins or drugs. Recent viral infections and systemic diseases are particularly relevant due to their potential role in triggering myocarditis.Physical Examination and MonitoringThe...
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Hepatic Drug Excretion: Enterohepatic Cycling01:17

Hepatic Drug Excretion: Enterohepatic Cycling

3.3K
Enterohepatic cycling involves the active secretion of drugs and their metabolites into the bile via transporters in the canalicular membrane of hepatocytes. This secretion is an integral part of the digestive process, releasing these substances into the gastrointestinal (GI) tract.
Post-release drugs and metabolites can be reabsorbed into the body from the intestine. For conjugated metabolites like glucuronides, reabsorption requires enzymatic hydrolysis by intestinal microflora. This...
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Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Dose Adjustments Due to Hepatic Impairment01:08

Effect of Hepatic Disease on Pharmacokinetics: Dose Adjustments Due to Hepatic Impairment

345
Hepatic impairment, characterized by decreased liver function, does not uniformly mandate adjustments in drug dosage. Whether dosage modifications are necessary depends on various factors related to the drug's metabolism and elimination pathways. If a drug is primarily excreted via the kidneys and bypasses significant hepatic processing, if it undergoes minimal metabolic transformation in the liver, or if it is volatile and primarily expelled through the lungs, dose adjustments may not be...
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Related Experiment Video

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Induction of Drug-Induced, Autoimmune Hepatitis in BALB/c Mice for the Study of Its Pathogenic Mechanisms
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Acute hepatitis after amiodarone infusion.

Paulo Fonseca1, Adelaide Dias1, Helena Gonçalves1

  • 1Paulo Fonseca, Adelaide Dias, Helena Gonçalves, Aníbal Albuquerque, Vasco Gama, Cardiology Department, Gaia Hospital Center, 4434-502 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal.

World Journal of Clinical Cases
|October 22, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Intravenous amiodarone can cause rare but fatal acute hepatitis. Close monitoring of liver function is crucial during infusion to prevent adverse outcomes, as oral amiodarone appears safe.

Keywords:
AmiodaroneHepatitisHepatotoxicityIdiosyncratic reactionsPolysorbate 80

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Hepatology

Background:

  • Intravenous amiodarone is used for heart failure and ventricular tachycardia.
  • Acute hepatitis is a rare adverse effect of intravenous amiodarone.

Observation:

  • An 88-year-old male with heart failure developed acute hepatitis hours after starting intravenous amiodarone.
  • Other causes of hepatitis were ruled out.

Findings:

  • The patient recovered fully after discontinuing amiodarone.
  • This case confirms the potential hepatotoxicity of intravenous amiodarone.

Implications:

  • Close hepatic function monitoring is essential during intravenous amiodarone therapy.
  • Oral amiodarone may be a safer alternative for patients requiring treatment.