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Related Concept Videos

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella01:16

Bones of the Lower Limb: Femur and Patella

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The femur is the body's longest and strongest bone spanning the thigh region. Its head articulates with the acetabulum of the hip bone to form the hip joint. A minor indentation on the medial side of the femoral head, called the fovea capitis, serves as the site of attachment for the ligament of the head of the femur. This weak ligament spans the femur and acetabulum and supports the hip joint. The narrowed region below the head is the neck of the femur. The inclination angle between the...
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Knee Joint01:23

Knee Joint

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The knee joint is the most complicated joint in the body. It consists of three articulations– two tibiofemoral and one patellofemoral. As is characteristic of synovial joints, the knee joint has a thin articular capsule that partially surrounds this joint cavity. Additionally, several ligaments, muscles, and cartilaginous structures support the movement of the knee.
A total of seven ligaments support the knee joint. The patellar ligament, which is also attached to the quadriceps femoris...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 31, 2026

Establishment of a Segmental Femoral Critical-size Defect Model in Mice Stabilized by Plate Osteosynthesis
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Establishment of a Segmental Femoral Critical-size Defect Model in Mice Stabilized by Plate Osteosynthesis

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Femoral Bone Plug in Total Knee Replacement.

Ettore Vulcano, Gianmarco M V Regazzola, Luigi Murena

    Orthopedics
    |October 22, 2015
    PubMed
    Summary

    Total knee replacement can increase blood loss due to intramedullary guides. A novel technique uses an autologous bone plug from the femoral cut to effectively reduce postoperative bleeding.

    Area of Science:

    • Orthopedic Surgery
    • Biomedical Engineering

    Background:

    • Intramedullary alignment guides in total knee replacement (TKR) can disrupt intramedullary vessels.
    • Disruption of these vessels leads to significant postoperative blood loss, a common complication in TKR.
    • Current methods to mitigate bleeding may be insufficient or invasive.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present a simple and effective technique for reducing blood loss during TKR.
    • To demonstrate the creation and application of an autologous bone plug for sealing the femoral intramedullary canal.
    • To evaluate the efficacy of this technique in minimizing postoperative hemorrhage.

    Main Methods:

    • A novel surgical technique is described for harvesting an autologous bone plug.
    • The bone plug is specifically created from the anterior chamfer femoral cut during TKR.

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    Treatment with Locking Intramedullary Nailing for Intertrochanteric Fracture of the Femur Utilizing a New Awl with a Distal Positioner
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    Treatment with Locking Intramedullary Nailing for Intertrochanteric Fracture of the Femur Utilizing a New Awl with a Distal Positioner
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  • This bone plug is utilized to create a seal within the femoral intramedullary canal.

    • Main Results:

    • The described technique provides a perfect seal for the intramedullary femoral canal.
    • Preliminary findings suggest this method is effective in reducing postoperative bleeding.
    • The technique is simple to implement, requiring no specialized instrumentation.

    Conclusions:

    • Utilizing an autologous bone plug from the anterior chamfer cut is a viable method to reduce blood loss in TKR.
    • This technique offers a straightforward and potentially cost-effective solution to a common surgical complication.
    • Further clinical studies are warranted to validate the long-term efficacy and benefits of this approach.