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Related Concept Videos

Cancer Therapies02:49

Cancer Therapies

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Cancer therapies are various modes of treatment, such as surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy that are administered to cancer patients.
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
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Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists01:27

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5-HT3 receptor antagonists, such as dolasetron, granisetron (Kytril), ondansetron (Zofran), and palonosetron (Axoli), are crucial in managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and postoperative nausea. These drugs selectively block 5-HT3 receptors in the visceral vagal and spinal afferent nerves, chemoreceptor trigger zone, and the vomiting center. They have a rapid onset of action and can be given as a single dose before chemotherapy. Ondansetron and granisetron, in particular,...
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists01:29

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Dopamine receptor antagonists, also known as antipsychotic agents, are critical in managing chemotherapy-induced vomiting. These antiemetic agents block dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ), inhibiting signal transmission to the vomiting center. Antipsychotic agents encompass phenothiazines (PTZ), butyrophenones, benzamides, and thienobenzodiazepines (Zyprexa), which are utilized for their antiemetic and sedative properties.
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Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan01:13

Radiological Investigation III: Pulmonary Angiogram and PET Scan

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Radiological investigations are paramount in the diagnosis and management of various pulmonary diseases. Two essential investigations are the Pulmonary Angiogram and the Positron Emission Tomography (PET) Scan.
Pulmonary Angiogram
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 31, 2026

Electrochemotherapy of Tumours
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[Chemoradiation Therapy].

Tetsuo Akimoto1

  • 1Division of Radiation Oncology and Particle Therapy, Exploratory Oncology Research and Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center Hospital East.

Gan to Kagaku Ryoho. Cancer & Chemotherapy
|October 23, 2015
PubMed
Summary

Concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CRT) improves cancer treatment outcomes but increases toxicities. Advanced radiation techniques and novel drugs may enhance efficacy while reducing side effects.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Radiation Oncology
  • Medical Oncology

Context:

  • Chemoradiation therapy (CRT) is a cornerstone treatment for head and neck, lung, and rectal cancers.
  • Concurrent CRT demonstrates superior clinical outcomes compared to other sequences.
  • Despite improved local control and survival, CRT is associated with significant acute and late toxicities.

Purpose:

  • To review the efficacy and toxicity of chemoradiation therapy (CRT).
  • To explore advancements in radiation therapy and chemotherapy for cancer treatment.
  • To identify strategies for improving clinical outcomes while mitigating treatment-related toxicities.

Summary:

  • Concurrent chemoradiation therapy (CRT) is a standard oncological treatment, particularly effective for head and neck, non-small cell lung, and rectal cancers.

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  • While concurrent CRT offers improved survival and local control, it presents challenges with acute and late toxicities.
  • Innovations in high-precision radiation therapy, such as intensity-modulated radiation therapy, and novel chemotherapeutic or molecularly targeted agents hold promise for enhancing treatment efficacy and tolerability.

    • Impact:

    • Highlights the established role and limitations of current chemoradiation protocols.
    • Emphasizes the potential of advanced radiation techniques and novel therapeutics to refine cancer treatment.
    • Suggests a future direction for optimizing cancer therapy by balancing improved outcomes with reduced toxicity.