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Heterogeneous Catalysis01:22

Heterogeneous Catalysis

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Heterogeneous catalysis involves a catalyst in a different phase from the reactants. It is a process where the catalyst and the reactants are in distinct phases, typically solid and gas or liquid.Most heterogeneous catalysts are metals, metal oxides, or acids. The list includes transition metals like iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), palladium (Pd), platinum (Pt), chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), tungsten (W), silver (Ag), and copper (Cu). These metals possess partially vacant d orbitals that...
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Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation02:13

Reduction of Alkenes: Catalytic Hydrogenation

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Alkenes undergo reduction by the addition of molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. Because the process generally occurs in the presence of a transition-metal catalyst, the reaction is called catalytic hydrogenation.
Metals like palladium, platinum, and nickel are commonly used in their solid forms — fine powder on an inert surface. As these catalysts remain insoluble in the reaction mixture, they are referred to as heterogeneous catalysts.
The hydrogenation process takes place on the...
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Catalysis02:50

Catalysis

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The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.
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Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation02:17

Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation

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Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
The metal catalyst used can be either heterogeneous or homogeneous. When hydrogenation of an alkene generates a chiral center, a pair of enantiomeric products is expected to form. However, an enantiomeric excess of one of the products can be facilitated using an enantioselective reaction or an...
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Chemiosmosis01:32

Chemiosmosis

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Oxidative phosphorylation is a highly efficient process that generates large amounts of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the basic unit of energy that drives many cellular processes. Oxidative phosphorylation involves two processes— the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis.
Electron Transport Chain
The electron transport chain involves a series of protein complexes on the inner mitochondrial membrane that undergo a series of redox reactions. At the end of this chain, the electrons...
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Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Potassium Permanganate02:21

Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Potassium Permanganate

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Alkenes can be dihydroxylated using potassium permanganate.  The method encompasses the reaction of an alkene with a cold, dilute solution of potassium permanganate under basic conditions to form a cis-diol along with a brown precipitate of manganese dioxide.
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A CNT@MoSe2 hybrid catalyst for efficient and stable hydrogen evolution.

Yunpeng Huang1, Hengyi Lu, Huahao Gu

  • 1State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China.

Nanoscale
|October 23, 2015
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed a novel, platinum-free catalyst using molybdenum diselenide nanosheets on carbon nanotubes for efficient hydrogen evolution. This sustainable catalyst shows promise for renewable hydrogen production.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Developing efficient, platinum-free electrocatalysts is crucial for sustainable hydrogen production.
  • The hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is key for carbon dioxide-free energy conversion systems.
  • Current catalysts often rely on expensive noble metals like platinum, hindering large-scale application.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and evaluate a novel, high-efficiency, platinum-free catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER).
  • To investigate a hierarchical nanostructure combining MoSe2 nanosheets and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) for enhanced catalytic activity.
  • To demonstrate the potential of this catalyst for industrial and renewable hydrogen production.

Main Methods:

  • A one-step solvothermal reaction was employed to synthesize few-layered MoSe2 nanosheets perpendicularly grown on CNTs.
  • The hierarchical nanostructure was characterized for its morphology, composition, and electrochemical properties.
  • Electrochemical testing was performed to evaluate HER activity, including onset potential, Tafel slope, and long-cycle stability.

Main Results:

  • The synthesized MoSe2/CNTs hierarchical nanostructure exhibited fully exposed active edges and open structures.
  • Remarkable HER activity was observed, with a low onset potential of -0.07 V vs. RHE and a Tafel slope of 58 mV/decade.
  • The catalyst demonstrated excellent long-cycle stability, indicating its durability for practical applications.

Conclusions:

  • The rationally designed MoSe2/CNTs hierarchical nanostructure serves as a highly efficient, noble-metal-free catalyst for HER.
  • This catalyst offers a promising alternative to platinum-based catalysts for sustainable and cost-effective hydrogen production.
  • The findings pave the way for advanced electrochemical catalysts in renewable energy technologies.