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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Mar 31, 2026

Optical Mapping of Action Potentials and Calcium Transients in the Mouse Heart

Optical Mapping of Action Potentials and Calcium Transients in the Mouse Heart

Published on: September 13, 2011

Imaging the beating heart in the mouse using intravital microscopy techniques.

Claudio Vinegoni¹, Aaron D Aguirre^1,2, Sungon Lee^1,3

¹Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Nature Protocols

|October 23, 2015

Summary

This study presents a new method for high-resolution intravital microscopy of the beating heart in mice. The protocol enables real-time, single-cell imaging in living systems, overcoming motion challenges.

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Area of Science:

Life Sciences
Biomedical Engineering
Microscopy

Background:

Studying living systems requires real-time imaging at single-cell resolution.
Cardiac and respiratory motion severely limits intravital microscopy resolution.
Recent advances enable in vivo single-cell resolution imaging.

Purpose of the Study:

To describe an experimental protocol for intravital microscopy of the beating heart in mice.
To achieve single-cell resolution imaging in vivo despite organ motion.
To facilitate high-resolution microscopy studies in other moving organs.

Main Methods:

Intravital microscopy protocol combining thoracic surgery, tissue stabilizers, and acquisition gating.
Mouse model for cardiac imaging.
Setup time of approximately 1 hour for extended imaging sessions.

Main Results:

Achieved single-cell level imaging of the beating heart in mice.
Enabled continuous cardiac imaging for 2 hours or more.
Demonstrated a protocol adaptable to other moving organs.

Conclusions:

The developed protocol overcomes motion artifacts in intravital microscopy.
This method facilitates high-resolution, in vivo imaging of dynamic biological processes.
Broadly applicable for studying complex biology in moving organs.