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Risk and protective factor for suicide attempt in Iran: a matched case-control study
Maryam Akbari1, Ali-Akbar Haghdoost2, Nouzar Nakhaee3
1Health Policy Research Center (HPRC), Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran.
Archives of Iranian Medicine
|October 27, 2015
Summary
Recent stressful events significantly increase suicide attempt (SA) risk. However, good general health, problem-focused coping, and intrinsic religiousness may offer protection against SA in Iran.
Area of Science:
- Psychiatry
- Public Health
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Suicide attempts (SA) pose a significant public health challenge globally and locally.
- Generating region-specific evidence is crucial for effective prevention strategies.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the risk factors associated with suicide attempts (SA) in Kerman, a major city in southeast Iran.
- To identify modifiable and non-modifiable factors contributing to SA in the local population.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study involving 300 individuals with SA (cases) and 300 matched controls.
- Data collected on demographics, personality traits, psychological condition, religiosity, coping skills, general health, and recent stressful events.
Main Results:
- Recent stressful events were the most significant risk factor for SA (OR = 1.66).
- Protective factors included better general health (OR = 1.04), strong friend support (OR = 0.95), problem-focused coping (OR = 0.88), and intrinsic religiousness (OR = 0.86).
Conclusions:
- While stress is a major SA risk, factors like general health, social support, and coping styles also play a role.
- Intrinsic religious beliefs and social networks may act as protective elements against SA.
- A multidisciplinary approach is recommended for comprehensive SA prevention in Iran.
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